how does douglass refute this counterclaim?

how does douglass refute this counterclaim? Your mom's counterclaim is that you don't need one. He cites literacy as a pathway to humanity and ultimately freedom, one which he ironically discovered when Mr. Auld made his feelings about black literacy known. It will tell that people and all others that the nation has the disposition if not entire ability to do the Negro right and justice.[54]. This provides more room to address the counterclaim and apply a rebuttal of the counterclaim. V, p. 78. This is an effective counterclaim because it disagrees with the claim (stating that it should not be banned) and provides reasoning that disproves it (that it provides closure). Are there predictions to be made about future developments of this issue? I was a man now.[9]. Start your 48-hour free trial to get access to more than 30,000 additional guides and more than 350,000 Homework Help questions answered by our experts. In Stevenss plan, lands belonging to the former Confederate states and their soldiers would be deemed forfeited and then distributed in parcels of 40 acres as homesteads to the freedpeople. His final break with Garrison came in 1851, when he announced that he had come to reject the core Garrisonian doctrine that the U.S. Constitution was a pro-slavery instrument. Douglass's sometimes stern emphasis on the virtues of self-reliance and self-elevation does not mean that he had grown insensitive to the magnitude of the difficulties yet to be overcome; nor . He then begins to think getting his education could be his way to liberty and freedom and though he endeavors to learn much as he can, he starts to doubt whether he is correct or not. Frederick Douglass's speech "What to the Slave Is the Fourth of July?" has many of the elements of a good argumentative structure. Slavery has been around since the 1700s, but the subject of slavery is controversial because it not only includes information written from former slaves, but information acquired from historians. Criticizethe reasoning of the counterclaimas being flawed, illogical, or biased. If the author's claim is that organ selling should be legalized, an example of an effective counterclaim would be that organ selling should not be legalized because it can drive up the cost of organ transplants, meaning that only the rich could afford to receive a transplant. The first of those, described above, was the most flagrantly pro-slavery legislation in U.S. history. Key Arguments in "The Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass", There are a number of key arguments in The Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass. Writing before slaves were freed in the United States, Douglass' main objective in the Narrative is to dispel any notion that slavery is good for those enslaved. Although writers use plenty of other options, Im teaching the counterclaim and refutation in the final body paragraph. how does douglass refute this counterclaim? He was appealing to the public to honor those victims claim for a slight measure of compensation in a fashion carefully tailored to their needs and to the deepest of the wrongs that they had suffered. In his reasonable faith in their ultimate triumph in America, Douglass found an enormous reservoir of strength that he labored to share with others. The signers of the Declaration of Independence, Douglass told his audience that day, were brave men. It is appealing to think that Kings dream has been realized, at least in its essentials, by the reforms of the Civil Rights Erareforms that King himself characterized as the third, the greatest, and the culminating American Revolution. Dont pick a straw man. In other words, dont pick a weak opposing argument that is too easy to refute. IV, ed. They that can, may; I cannot. Douglass saw slavery as a, It is at this time that Frederick Douglass learns one of the greatest freedoms of all. how does douglass refute this counterclaim? The one thing needful, then, was to elect an abolitionist governing majority at the federal level. Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass, an American Slave - eNotes 'My cell phone doesn't have Internet access.'. Your reason is because yours doesn't have Internet access, and your evidence says that students with Internet access make better grades. Posted on June 22, 2022 by June 22, 2022 by His embrace of the arguments of the rival political abolitionist school freed him to involve himself in politics, and his increasing political activism through the 1850s and into the Civil War years eventually brought him face to face with President Abraham Lincolnfirst in the role of harshly critical petitioner and later, after the Emancipation Proclamation and the deepening of their acquaintance, as Lincolns valued adviser and friend. Nevertheless, his speech does make an argument. Including using the example of Joseph and his brothers, as well as the Israelites being slaves in Egypt (a) In what ways is Douglass's word choice suited to his audience? Of the Blair bill, he insisted that the Negro needs it, the illiterate white needs it and the nation needs it.[56] Arguing in 1872 against racial segregation in public schools, Douglass described his purpose as patriotic as well as beneficent, on the premise that the public schools should function as a common platform of nationality.[57] Any measure that authorizes or deepens ones self-identification in predominantly racial terms is to be opposed, he maintained, insisting that race is a morally arbitrary quality. how does douglass refute this counterclaim? - indbras.com.br -it allows the student to prove his/her point even further by refuting a misconception. After providing the thesis in the introduction, the author then spends the entire essay working to prove that claim through sub-claims (the central claim broken down into smaller chunks), reasoning, and evidence. It was doubtful liberty at most, and almost certain death is we failed. [51] Frederick Douglass was one of the most commonly known slaves to have existed. : Da Capo Press, 2001), p. 688. the debate over slavery? Moreover, the increasing incidence of despairing extremism among many abolitionists during this period was abetted by a series of portentous events. how does douglass refute this counterclaim? Profoundly aggrieved by that hell-black crime, Douglass yet struggled characteristically to find in it cause for hope. One skill builds upon another. Why, or why not? He states This battle with Mr. II, p. 446. Objecting to the efforts of some white benevolent societies, he urged his black compatriots indignantly to reject any condition of dependence: A new condition has brought new duties. These fears clearly retain their currency in our own day, as do Douglasss efforts to dispel their causes. It is very clear that Douglass wants us as readers understand the true humanity of him and other slaves and wants to show the extent to which perceptions of inequality are flawed. position? Not as Ethiopians, not as Caucasians, not as Mongolians, not as AfroAmericans, or AngloAmerican are we addressed but as men. II, p. 360. So, there you have it - the four parts of an argument: claims, counterclaims, reasons, and evidence. His evidence for this claim is that when he first meets her in Baltimore, she is a very kind woman. Most enslaved people did not resist so openly, and fewer still ran away as Douglass did, but all, he makes clear, struggled to retain their humanity in the face of slavery's brutality. How does douglass refute this counterclaim? - Brainly.com In this respect, what is notable in Douglasss advocacy of education reforms is that whereas he justified them primarily as the payment of a debt due specifically to those formerly enslaved and their relationsspecifically to black Americanshe proposed the payment of that debt by a policy framed in nonracial terms, designed to benefit Americans irrespective of race. An argumentative essay is an essay in which the author makes a claim (argument) and then attempts to persuade their audience to believe their claim through reasons, evidence, and the addressing of counterclaims. An education can open doors that were once closed. In the long history of AfricanAmerican political thought, there is no more forceful proponent of the cause of integration than Douglass, and there is no more insightful analyst of the varieties and dangers of national and racial disintegration. Introduction (1 paragraph that contains the claim), Body Paragraphs (3 paragraphs that contain the reasons, evidence, and counterclaims), Conclusion (sums up the entire argument and provides a look to the future), Describe the four main parts of an argument, Explain why it is important to develop each of these parts in an argument. Once again, that hopefulness was grounded primarily in his appreciation of the unique virtue of Americas beginning; first things are always interesting, he liked to say,[10] and most of all in the case of a new nation dedicated to universal principles of justice. [19] Douglass, What to the Slave is the Fourth of July? in Douglass Papers, Vol. In 2016, slavery has become a distant memory. [N]o one seems to have doubted the correctness of the prevailing opinion of the time.[4]. The Declarations affirmation, as self-evident truths, of the principles that all men are created equal and that they are endowed by their Creator with the unalienable rights of life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness is now commonly read as a declaration only of the rights of propertied white males. A counterclaim is the argument opposing the author's claim. However a very courageous man, Frederick Douglass challenges those beliefs. Slavery not only expropriated the fruits of its victims labor, but also assaulted the moral and mental faculties by which, once freed, they might otherwise have put their labor to profitable and elevating uses. The charge of a pro-slavery Constitution was a slander upon [the] memory of the Framers, he contended; interpreted as it ought to be interpreted, the Constitution is a glorious liberty document. Consider the constitution according to its plain reading, Douglass continued, and I defy the presentation of a single pro-slavery clause in it. We must not beg men to do for us what we ought to do for ourselves. athenaeum club southend membership fees. 9 chapters | Undaunted by these setbacks, however, he maintained to the end a strenuous schedule of speaking and writing, laboring to remind the succeeding generations that there was a right side and a wrong side in the late war and to propagate his undying faith in the mission and promise of America. Using stories to illustrate each of his points, Douglass shows that black slaves only tell whites they are happy to avoid retribution, that they sing to mourn and lament their fate, and that owners who have gone to revival meetings and come back "converted" to Christianity feel even more emboldened to beat and mistreat their slaves, because it is Biblically sanctioned that slaves must obey their masters. 556, 569. They were great men too. Tell why all or part of the opposing point of view may be reasonable, plausible, or valid, but minimize the opposing position. [8] The reader interested in a fuller account of Douglasss life should begin by reading Douglasss autobiographies: Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass (1845); My Bondage and My Freedom (1855); and Life and Times of Frederick Douglass (1881; expanded 1892). . [11] Douglass, Speech at the American Anti-Slavery Society, May 11, 1847, in The Life and Writings of Frederick Douglass, Vol. 380382. Dvidas? (a) In what ways is Douglass's word choice suited to his audience? Over one hundred years after Frederick Douglasss death, this teaching has lost none of its essential vitality. 348349 (emphasis in original). 1. It is very difficult to see how the forward- and upward-looking labor required to achieve the ends of justice for all and black elevation in America is to be sustained amid a spreading sentiment of alienation from America. Drawing upon that faith, he taught black Americans and all other Americans to stand up for justice and to strive for excellence. "The demographics of the death row population show a racial bias as well. Various options can be effective: 1. In the Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass, Douglass is thrown into a new world of knowledge and opportunity, once he learns how to read and write. Introduction--The introduction of a five-paragraph essay is one paragraph. Douglass found solid reasons for believing what he repeatedly affirmed throughout the decade, as in his Dred Scott speech: I base my sense of the certain overthrow of slavery, in part, upon the nature of the American Government, the Constitution, the tendencies of the age, and the character of the American people. V, pp. He also refutes a counterclaim presented by those with an opposing view. His forceful resistance proved no less powerfully liberating than his literacy. III, pp. In the opinion shared by Taney, Marshall, and many present-day professors, teachers, and students, the stain of racial exclusion suffuses both the Constitution and the Declaration of Independence. -I have learned that African Americans have always been bullied and degraded by others, and they didn't get their freedom in the US until the mid 19th century, A discussion of a controversial or debatable issue, A particular belief, conclusion, or point of view. The body of the essay is three paragraphs and contains the author's reasoning, evidence, and counterclaims. Douglass proposed the chartering of a national land and loan company empowered to purchase available tracts of land and then to resell or lease those lands to members of the newly emancipated class. Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass, an American Slave, Latest answer posted March 08, 2021 at 10:42:24 AM. It did much more, that is, than convey the Framers general disapproval of slavery and their design to recognize slavery only as a local institution, to tolerate it only as a necessary, temporary evil, and to contain its expansion to the end of promoting its eventual abolition. succeed. II, pp. The standard format for an argumentative essay is as follows: An effective argument contains all of the necessary components (claim, reasons, evidence, counterclaims) while keeping the intended audience in mind. The following sentence frames helped out my students considerably: First Contrasting Transition +Name the Opposition +Strong Verb + Opposing Point of View +Evidence + Analysis + Second Contrasting Transition + Reference the Opposing Point of View + Turn, However, But, Admittedly, Although, Alternatively, Strong Verbs + Denial/Assertion or Assertion, Denial:reject, oppose, disagree, question, doubt thisview andAssertion:argue that, reason that, claim that, support, conclude that. IV, p. 459. IV, p. 63. "What is Frederick Douglass's overall claim in The Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass? He claims that African Americans like himself have been denied the freedom that the holiday supports. In the Narrative of the Life Of Frederick Douglass, we are exposed to the iniquity of slavery and the dehumanization of the black race, which then led Frederick Douglass to recognize that literacy and education would aid him in his flight to freedom. Slavery can be viewed as one of the greatest examples of immoral treatment towards African Americans in the United States alone. At the end of this excerpt, what encouraging signs does Douglass find? 217, 219. Douglass refutes Fitzhughs pro-slavery argument of the average slave living an ideal life, by disproving early ideas of the free labor system and paternalism through real life encounters of the physical oppression slaves faced on the day to day basis in the forms of inhumane treatment and violence, as well as the true harsh, The brutality that slaves endured form their masters and from the institution of slavery caused slaves to be denied their god given rights. In the end, these elements of freedom-becoming educated-led to his last act of rebellion, which he thought would bring him freedom. He then state I would at times feel that learning to read had been a curse rather than a blessing. Use etymological information in a dictionary to verify your choices, -obstacle: prevents progress Latest answer posted September 30, 2016 at 3:50:30 PM. In these three stories, as well as in a sizable number of other articles, lectures, and letters, Douglass strongly advocated against slavery. Under each type of claim is an example of that claim on the topic of capital punishment. keep that person in prison for all of his or her natural life" (Spangenberg and Walsh 15). IV, p. 514. The voting right was, for Douglass, the keystone of the arch of human liberty, as it was the primary, indispensable means of guarding every other right. [20] Douglass, Speech on the Dred Scott Decision, in Life and Writings, Vol. In time, Douglass came to see the wisdom in Lincolns prudent statesmanship, as he acknowledged in his most developed reflection on Lincoln, his speech at the unveiling of the Freedmens Monument to Lincoln in 1876. Explain, -no, he/she first denied it, then comes out telling the truth, Write a definition of obstruction based on your understanding of the prefix ob-. mount shasta missing persons; kevin russell facebook; what is secretary of state number ct; Frederick Douglass went on to write books and give speeches in hope that one day all slaves would be free. James Madison, the commonly acknowledged Father of the Constitution, in a speech at the Constitutional Convention denounced slavery grounded in the mere distinction of colour as the most oppressive dominion ever exercised by man over man.[6] Likewise, Thomas Jefferson, the principal author of the Declaration of Independence, in his original draft of that document denounced slavery (not only the slave trade) as a cruel war against human naturean institution creating and depending on a market, he emphasized to excite outrage in his readers, where MEN should be bought & sold. All the major figures of the Founding forwarded similar denunciations of slavery. how does douglass refute this counterclaim? A few of which include inequality, education, and Christianity as the keys to freedom in terms of its true values within the institution of slavery. Let us consider first the difficulties. All other trademarks and copyrights are the property of their respective owners. The specific nature of slaverys worst wrongs, however, suggested a more definite approach. We utterly repudiate all invidious distinctions, whether in our favor or against us, and ask only for a fair field and no favor.[49]. Finally, he cites his altercation with Mr. Douglass has been taught a few reading lessons form his mistress. Key Arguments in "The Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass" : Rowman & Littlefield, 2001), chapter 1. Douglass made these particular remarks in a speech at the dedication of an industrial education institution in the state of Virginia, but they represent an extension of his broader advocacy, in this period, of a federally established system of public schools. 2017-12-11 03:56:25. Key Items Necessary: 1 - Transition. A counterclaim is an argument that argues in opposition to the author's claim. . I explain Douglasss argument more elaborately in Frederick Douglass, pp. Its like a teacher waved a magic wand and did the work for me. The position of Douglass and constitutional radicals, by contrast, was that the Constitution was in the strict sense abolitionist. A great deal is at stake in this critique, and it demands a clear, forthright response: These charges against the Founders are false as well as pernicious. Philip S. Foner (New York: International Publishers, 195075), p. 236 (hereinafter Life and Writings). Having witnessed her transformation from a sympathetic to a hard-hearted mistress, Douglass concludes that slavery was as injurious to her soul as it was to his. Douglas removed his residual doubts by diving into the Warm Lake and swimming across to the other shore and back. Explanation, insight, example, logic to support the counterclaim evidence, Still, However, But, Nevertheless, Yet, Despite, Although, Even though, this argument, this position, this reasoning, this evidence, this view. He writes: "Slavery soon proved its ability to divest her of these heavenly qualities.

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