how long did the north sea flood last

Green Forest, Arkansas: Master Books. [16] At the time of the flood, none of the local radio stations broadcast at night, and many of the smaller weather stations operated only during the day. Knowledge of the Egyptian calendar that had scrapped the lunar month perhaps influenced the Romans in this decision. In the Netherlands the government conceived and constructed an ambitious flood defence system beginning in the 1960s. glaciers began to flow north into the North Sea, depriving . Please refer to the appropriate style manual or other sources if you have any questions. Extent of the flooding in the Netherlands. They probably quickly moved from a lunar calendar to a lunisolar calendar. Perhaps the primary purpose of a calendar originally was to inform farmers of when to plant crops. The North Sea flood of 1953 was one of the most devastating natural disasters ever recorded in the UK. Also, pagan kings evidently had some official protocols connected to a 30-day period (e.g., Esther 4:11 and Daniel 6:7, 12). A "once-in-100-year flood", "unprecedented" and "chaotic". Due to telephone landline breakdowns, warnings could not be forwarded from coastal to inland emergency offices. Most see Noah sitting in the Ark on a chair waiting the seven days, when in fact this was the cue to load the animals. Learn how and when to remove this template message, Netherlands Institute for Sound and Vision, Royal Netherlands Meteorological Institute, List of natural disasters in the British Isles, List of disasters in Great Britain and Ireland by death toll, "Watersnoodramp herdacht: 'Getallen zeggen iets, verhalen zeggen alles', "The Watersnoodramp: the Dutch battle against water in moving image", "Watersnood, een reconstructie van de watersnoodramp in 1953", "Herdenking slachtoffers watersnoodramp 1953, 66 jaar geleden", "January 11, 1953 and 9/11:Living with risk", "De stemmen van de watersnood: Hilversumse Radio en de Zeeuwse Stormramp van 1953", "Er zit nog wel wat speling in de Deltawerken om de stijgende zee te keren", "Disaster victims to be remembered on floods tragedy anniversary", "Tributes paid to forgotten hero, Freeman Kilpatrick, who saved lives in Hunstanton in 1953 floods", "BBC Radio Lincolnshire - Melvyn in the Morning, 17/10/2012, East Coast Floods - Melvyn with John Monk in Sutton on Sea", "Canvey Island 1953 Flood Memorial in Canvey Island, Essex - Find a Grave Cemetery", "BASS 2010: Jim Shepard, "The Netherlands Lives With Water" | A Just Recompense", Pathe newsreel, evacuation in Lincolnshire, List of atmospheric pressure records in Europe, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=North_Sea_flood_of_1953&oldid=1142565034, Articles needing additional references from February 2018, All articles needing additional references, Articles with unsourced statements from May 2020, Articles with dead external links from March 2022, Articles with permanently dead external links, Netherlands articles missing geocoordinate data, Articles missing coordinates with coordinates on Wikidata, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, 9% of total Dutch farmland flooded, 187,000 animals drowned, 47,300 buildings damaged of which 10,000 destroyed. Most people today think of the word seasons in terms of our climatic seasons, such as spring, summer, autumn, and winter, but the Hebrew word used here ( ) is the same word used for Hebrew festivals, such as Passover, Pentecost, and Tabernacles. He further noted that the synodic month1 actually is 29.5 days, and from this Kevan concluded that the Floods duration was 365 days. What difference does it make how long the Flood was? A historic weather front that slammed a wide swath of Southern California with stunning snow, record rains, and flooding that prompted air rescues eased its grip Sunday but more . This is not unusual, because most ancient sources did not explain the calendar in use at the time but merely assumed that the reader understood. 8485). Since the last Ice Age, 12,000 years ago, we humans have enjoyed an unusually warm and stable geological period called the Holocene, and have made . The Hebrew word used in each instance (, hde means new moon (Koehler, Baumgartner, and Stamm 2001, p. 294). Tens of thousands of residents were being evacuated from the area to shelters elsewhere in the country.[14]. Queen Juliana and Princess Beatrix visited the flooded area only a few days after. North Sea flood, the worst storm surge on record for the North Sea, occurring Jan. 31 to Feb. 1, 1953. Ultimately, it matters relatively little. He requested parts of the Bundeswehr for emergency purposes, especially engineers. Late January-early February 1953 North sea flood storm. Hurricane-force winds over the North Sea generated a storm surge that sent a wall of water toward each coast. However, it is unlikely that Maimonides dramatically altered the calendar. One exception is the ancient Egyptian calendar, but it postdates the Flood. This covers all possibilities. At least 200 more people died at sea, including 133 of the passengers aboard the Princess Victoria ferry. At one house he found a bedridden elderly couple with their middle-aged daughter; in the waist-high floodwater, he lashed together oil cans to make a raft, to which he tied the couple and pulled them to safety. The Schielands Hoge Zeedijk (Schielands High Seadyke) along the river Hollandse IJssel was all that protected three million people in the provinces of North and South Holland from flooding. By . Though many people assume the Flood lasted only forty days and forty nights, the Bible does not say that. This motion is most noticeable when reckoned against the stars as a backdrop, something that is not necessary for delineating the day. Die Nacht, in der eine Stadt ertrank Ein Tatsachenroman". The Watersnoodmuseum or Flood Museum in Ouwerkerk, Netherlands opened in 2001 as the "National Knowledge and Remembrance Centre for the Floods of 1953". Red River and Hanoi Delta Flood, 1971. Our editors will review what youve submitted and determine whether to revise the article. This function makes the year the most important aspect of calendars. However, as Faulkner (2012) has previously pointed out, there are at least two other ways to understand these two verses. At the very least, Maimonides instituted the dating of the Hebrew calendar from the creation of the world rather than from the destruction of the Temple, as had been done previously. 10/1/600. Unless the Metonic cycle were followed, this probably would not have been the case, because the observations required to determine if an intercalary month were necessary would not have been possible aboard the Ark. Floods covered 9% of Dutch farmland, and sea water flooded 1,365km2 (527sqmi) of land. A previous "First St. Marcellus flood" drowned 36,000 people along the coasts of West Friesland and Groningen on 16 January 1219. Twenty-eight people died, including musician Robert Dubois. The Ohio River flood of 1937 devastated cities along the river in Pennsylvania, West Virginia, Ohio, Kentucky, Indiana, and Illinois. Environment &Society Portal, Arcadia. More than six billion cubic meters of glacial ice covered the face of the planet compared to today. In the UK, the Permanent Secretary to the Home Office, Sir Frank Newsam, coordinated the immediate efforts to defend homes, save lives and recover after the floods. A Thames Barrier flood defence closure is triggered when high tides are forecast in the North Sea and river flows are high at the tidal limit at Teddington weir.If water levels might exceed 4.87 metres (16.0 ft) in central London, that is the trigger. The backs of the dykes were not fortified, so the first overtopping waters destroyed the dykes from behind and cleared the way for the flood. At least 200 more people died at . In the Netherlands 20% of the land was below mean sea level (subsequently with the expansion of Flevoland this proportion has increased); the next-highest 30% sat at less than 1 metre (3.3ft) above sea level. Probably the most devastating storm to affect Scotland for 500 years, the surge crossed between Orkney and Shetland. For that narrow escape, the city's 650,000 residents owe a large vote of thanks to the Red River Floodway. In temperate climates, how do farmers know when it is time to plant in the spring? Tim Kerner, mayor of Jean Lafitte - about 20 miles (32 km) south of New Orleans - said the town had suffered "catastrophic" flooding. As with most other ancient calendars, the months begin with the new moon. Poor weather would interfere with observations of the moon from time to time, so such a system will not have methodically alternating 29-day and 30-day months, but over the long-term there would be no real difference between an observationally based lunar calendar and one that has alternating month lengths. View Gallery. The North Sea flood of 1953 caused widespread damage and approximately 2,400 fatalities in the UK, the Netherlands, and Belgium. Genesis 7:11 and Genesis 8:14 give the exact dates of the beginning and end of the Flood, revealing an elapsed time of 12 months and 10 or 11 days, depending upon how one might count the first and last days. By way of analogy, if 1000 years from now some researcher found ancient records showing that in America in the twentieth century the U.S. The North Sea flood produced the kind of havoc that became all too familiar on the Gulf Coast last week. The flooded land is known as the Dogger Littoral. and ed. Now there's a map for that. U.S. Airman Reis Leming, 22, was at the nearby Sculthorpe air base when he heard about the disaster. Immediately following verse 3 is the statement of Genesis 8:4 that the Ark rested on the mountains of Ararat on the seventeenth day of the second month. The UK constructed storm surge barriers on the Thames Estuary and on the Hull where it meets the Humber Estuary. After the flooding, the government made major investments in new sea defences. Another difficulty with this passage as an argument for 30-day months concerns the ancient Hebrew method of reckoning days. [2] RAF Sculthorpe Heritage Centre 1953 Floods. This occurred at the height of summer, and the ancient Egyptians soon learned that the Nile flooding shortly followed the heliacal3 rising of the star Sirius in the early morning. [35], A blue plaque marking the level of the flood water was installed by the Leigh Society on the wall of the Heritage Centre in Leigh-on-Sea to commemorate the flooding there. how long did the north sea flood last 2022-06-16T04:18:32+00:00 By powers funeral home camden sc obituaries majestic funeral home elizabethtown, nc obituaries today On Thursday 15 February, German authorities published the first storm warning for the North Sea with wind speeds up to 9 Beaufort. Corrections? Nearly everyone who believes in this alleged pre-Flood calendar also subscribes to the 371-day length of the Flood, but the converse is not necessarily true. This is the method used to argue for a 371-day Flood duration. The true length of the month rounds to 30 days, so the use of 30 days in such passages suggests a period of approximately one month, but it implies no more than that. ISSN: 1937-9056 Copyright Answers in Genesis, Inc. Faulkner, Danny. Waves of opinion: The chronology of the Flood in literature past and present. how long did the north sea flood last. However, the ancient Hebrews would have counted it as one year and 11 days. A large aid program, the National Relief Fund, was launched, and soldiers raised funds by selling pea-soup door to door. I will show here that there is a good case to be made for the Flood lasting one year (365 days) as Kevan did. A. Snelling, 4373. Heliacal means with the sun. Hence, heliacal rising refers to a star rising shortly before the sun. Certain areas of North Jakarta are sinking by 6 to 10 inches a year, according to the World Bank, and could fall up to 16 feet below sea level by 2025. S. W. Boyd and A. Flood deposits 2.4 meters feet thick are also reported by MacDonald (1988) as far northeast as the ancient Babylonian city of Kish (120 km south of Baghdad). 307 people died in England, 19 died in Scotland, 28 died in Belgium, 1,836 died in the Netherlands and a further 361 people died at sea.. At 10:30 p.m. on Saturday evening 31 January, it was low tide. The border between the two is an imagined line from Northern Scotland, to Shetland, and then to lesund in Norway. The United Kingdom has also taken steps to protect its coastlines, notably by construction of the Thames Barrier (completed 1982) across the Thames estuary, just downstream from London. Ichnofossil data challenge Hydroplate Theorys credibilitya theory purporting to explain the global stratigraphic record and its paleontological constituents. In the North, the North sea is open towards the Atlantic. Greece donated 500 tonnes of raisins to the people of Hamburg after the flood. Twenty-eight people were killed in the north of West Flanders, Belgium.[2]. The east coast Big Flood, 31 January-1 February 1953: A Summary of the Human Disaster. in, Gerritsen, Herman, What Happened in 1953? In eastern England, up to 180,000 acres (73,000 hectares) were flooded, some 300 lives were lost, and 24,000 homes were damaged. The 1953 North Sea flood was a major flood caused by a heavy storm surge that struck the Netherlands, north-west Belgium, England and Scotland. September 11, 2020. Explorer, Timeline The synodic period of the moon, or synodic month, is the orbital period of the moon with respect to the sun. Panama. Auteur de l'article Par ; Date de l'article what is solemnity in the catholic church; dead files holy hill . * Bei Fragen einfach anrufen oder schreiben: +49 (0)176 248 87 424. how many dunks has shaq made in his career; how old was mariah carey in heartbreaker However, these authors were not as concerned with the exact duration of the Flood as they were in establishing the relative chronology of the Flood for the purpose of using subtle clues in the biblical text in developing a geological Flood model. baking polymer clay on aluminum foil; pioneer middle school principal; 9Haz. Most of the casualties occurred in the southern province of Zeeland.[1]. Text on the blue plaque on the wall of the Heritage Centre in Leigh-on-Sea. I shall return to a discussion of ancient Egypt in this regard shortly. Although the North Sea flood mostly struck elsewhere, it also affected the Irish Sea, off England's west coast. Amador, Fernando, Stony Brook University, USA, Roche, Michael, Massey University, New Zealand, Goldlust, Rachel, La Trobe University, Australia, Carter, Fred, University of Edinburgh, Scotland, The Environment & Society Portal is a project of the Rachel Carson Center for Environment and Society, a joint initiative of LMU Munich and the Deutsches Museum. It is estimated to have claimed about 60,000 lives. While every effort has been made to follow citation style rules, there may be some discrepancies. May 11, 2022. This is the basis of our calendar today, though it was reformed in 1582 by Pope Gregory XIII (hence the Gregorian calendar) on account that the tropical year is slightly shorter than 365.25 days. how long did the north sea flood last A. Snelling. Assuming this dark tale is based on true geographical changes, it originated at a time when seas were about 100 feet lower than they are today, which would date the story at 9,800 to 10,650 years . Hebrew and geologic analyses of the chronology and parallelism of the Flood: Implications for interpretation of the geologic record. Police Officers Charles Lewis and Leonard Deptford received George Medals for their part in rescue work. When the days of the flood are totaled we find that Noah and his family, as well as the animals, were in the ark a total of 371 days. In 1953 the Meteorological (later Met) Office was entrusted with forecasting, monitoring, and warning the country of potential storm and flood threats. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Public Domain Mark 1.0 License. We call this a solar calendar, and one of the first civilizations to do this that we know of was the ancient Egyptians. Instituut voor Sociaal Onderzoek van het Nederlandse Volk, This page was last edited on 3 March 2023, at 03:53. Of course, this does not guarantee that such a calendar was followed as far back as the Flood, but in the absence of any clear evidence that there was at some point a change in calendars, it is reasonable to infer that this was the kind of calendar used in the account of the Flood in Genesis 68. I don't recall the part of the story which said there was a flood in Noah's Ark! Furthermore, as Faulkner (2012) pointed out in his paper, laws, contracts, and other legally binding documents frequently include 30-day intervals or multiples of 30-day intervals. The extratropical cyclone responsible for the flooding had previously crossed the United Kingdom as the Great Sheffield Gale, devastating the city of Sheffield and killing nine people.[3]. They estimated that flooding killed 1,835 people and forced the emergency evacuation of 70,000 more. Winds gusting up to 142mph were recorded on the Scottish hills and, although slightly reduced in . . Short answer: One year and 10 days. Residents were relocated elsewhere in Barking. Genesis. The peak from Sandy was within 0.5 ft of the record previously documented for this site-from the Dec. 11, 1992 storm. More than 300 died along . Updates? how long did the north sea flood last. This July of 2016 marks the 65th anniversary of the great flood of 1951 which killed 24 people and caused thousands to abandon their homes, schools and businesses. The decision of when to add intercalary months often was left to politicians. A range of flood defence measures were initiated around the UK coast. 113114) further pointed out that this nicely explains why the LXX differs from the Masoretic text in Genesis 7:11 and Genesis 8:14, where the LXX gives the dates of the twenty-seventh of the second and seventh months rather than the seventeenth. A. Steers, The Geographical Journal, London: John Wiley and Sons Ltd. This begins the civil year. The Younger Dryas sea level rise is a historical event in early earth history and could be the great flood. Hence, a lunar calendar can be brought back into near conformity with the year by adding an extra, or intercalary, month approximately every third year (usually at the end of the year). Belief that the Flood lasted 371 days is common among recent creationists, but there are other possibilities. 6 min read. The answer is relatively simple. Indeed, our Anglo-Saxon word for the month derives from a word for the moon. The North Sea is the Atlantic's 13th largest sea, covering approximately 570,000 square kilometers or about 0.5% of the ocean. 2014, p. 53). The Dutch storm tide warning service was more advanced than in the UK, but despite warnings being distributed widely via telegram and radio, the occurrence of the flood during the middle of the night, when the radio stations were not broadcasting and people were asleep, rendered the warnings almost useless. However, to dogmatically state that The Flood was x days long elevates ones opinion, and it ignores the fact that others with an equal commitment to the authority of Scripture have reached different conclusions on how long the Flood lasted based on their study of the relevant Scriptures. Recently Faulkner (2012) criticized the belief that prior to the Flood the year consisted of exactly 360 days divided into 12 months that were exactly 30 days long. Thus the time of the heliacal rising of Sirius became known as dog days. [29][30] At Salthouse the Victorian Randall's Folly was badly damaged, resulting in its subsequent demolition. However, Whitcomb and Morris did not produce the calculation for this, but merely reproduced a table that they referenced from Kevan (1953, pp. Leiden, Netherlands: Brill. Geological surveys have suggested that it stretched from what is now the east coast of Great Britain to what are now the Netherlands, the western coast of Germany and the . Twelve months on a lunar calendar normally is 354 days (but occasionally is 355 days). Faulkner, D. R. 2012. One of the God-ordained purposes of the sun, moon, and stars is the measurement of time, because Genesis 1:14 includes for seasons, for days, and for years. The days and years appear clear enough, but what is meant by seasons? While this is an approximation to the years length, about two-thirds of the time it is 11 days short of the years true length and 10 days short one-third of the time. It then headed south and moved across the North Sea to the Netherlands, Denmark, and Germany. In addition to sea level rise, a global temperature increase of 3 degrees Celsius . how long did the north sea flood last . how long did the north sea flood last. This makes it possible to develop an algorithm for predicting lunar phases, and hence calendars could be prepared in advance. Realising that such infrequent events could reoccur, the Netherlands and the UK carried out large studies on strengthening of coastal defences. The new moon is not visible for 23 days around new moon, so on the Hebrew calendar the new moon is defined by its first visibility of a thin crescent in the evening sky immediately after sunset. These are the names used today in the Hebrew calendar, but the only scriptural reference to any of those names is Esther 3:7, where the Babylonian name Nisan () is used instead of Aviv. Breaches along the coast and the rivers Elbe and Weser led to widespread flooding of huge areas. In the Netherlands, the Delta Commissions study into the cause and effect of the floods led to the Delta Works, a series of dams, locks, sluices, levees, and storm surge barriers, including the nine-kilometer Oosterscheldekering dam, that now protect the Netherlands from the threat of coastal flooding. However, in the unlikely event that there was an intercalary month during the year of the Flood, the Floods duration could have been 383, 384, 385, or 386 days. For instance, when Aaron and Moses died, the Israelites mourned 30 days for them (Numbers 20:29 and Deuteronomy 34:8). The Hebrews had been fastidious about maintaining the integrity of the law and their customs. (2014, pp. While these passages read differently in English translations, there is no difference in the original language. Here I must repeat some things from my earlier paper, and the reader is referred to that paper for some of the details. Links, Creative Commons Public Domain Mark 1.0 License, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5 Generic License, Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License, Video commemorating the 60th anniversary of the floods, British Meteorological Office Info-graphic on the British impacts of the flood, The Thames Barrier: London's Moveable Flood Defense, The Equestrian Suburb of Latine Los Angeles, Sight and Sound: Beyond the Huia Extinction Story, Housing for a Changing Climate: The Commonwealth Environmental Building Station in 1950s Australia, his & natures expropriation: Wetland Enclosure, Salvage Poetics, and Social Reproduction in Wendy Mulfords, Baxter, Peter, J. The date 7/17/600 comes from adding 150 days to 2/17/600. Helmut Schmidt, police senator of Hamburg, coordinated the rescue operations, and requested for emergency help throughout Europe. Doggerland was an area of land, now submerged beneath the North Sea, that connected Britain to continental Europe.It was flooded by rising sea levels around 6500-6200 BCE. On Thursday 5th December, many areas of Britain and Ireland particularly those further north were affected by an intense winter storm that swept south-eastwards across the country throughout the day. Exhibitions, Exploration How Long Did the Flood Last?., https://answersresearchjournal.org/how-long-did-the-flood-last/, Ruminating on Created Kinds and Ark Kinds, Decoding a World Navel Visual Language Through Ideational Cognitive Archaeology, Ichnofossils Refute Hydroplate Theorys Liquefaction Submodel, A New Flood Chronology Based on Seven-Day Creation Cycles, https://answersingenesis.org/bible-timeline/biblical-overview-of-the-flood-timeline/. Omissions? In our society, few people are tied to agriculture, so it is difficult for many people today to grasp the importance of knowing the time of year. At the time of Xaver's landfall, the Environment Agency (EA) warned of the most significant coastal tidal surge since the North Sea floods, and Xaver did bring record sea levels, which in places were higher than those seen in 1953. (Chandan Khanna / AFP via Getty Images) F lorida's time of climate change denial is over. Answer (1 of 21): Original Question: How long did the flood last in Noah's ark? The biggest the Western Interior Seaway got was over 2,000 miles long and 600 miles wide. Several authors have approached this question recently. This was done by interspersing an extra 10 days over the 12 Roman months as they then existed. The Hebrew calendar in use today is a lunisolar one. A breach at Erith after the North Sea flood of 1953. In similar manner, Old Testament passages that mention 30-day periods do not prove that the months on the ancient Hebrew calendar were all 30 days long. Extent of the flooding on the east coast of England. The storm and flooding occurred at the end of Saturday, 31 January 1953 and in the morning of the next day. Snnichsen, Uwe, Staritz, Hans-Werner: Trutz, blanke Hans Bilddokumentation der Flutkatastrophen 1962 und 1976 in Schleswig-Holstein und Hamburg, Husum Druck- und Verlagsgesellschaft, Husum 1978. Lismore had been hit by flooding before. What if the calendar had a year that was 365 days long, as at least one ancient Egyptian calendar and our calendar today has? Some small towns in Louisiana were all-but destroyed. The Metonic cycle is found by noting that 235 (12 19 + 7) synodic months is almost exactly equal to 19 years. After the 1953 flood, governments realised that similar infrequent but devastating events were possible in the future. However, during the Holocene period at the end . In constructing a calendar, there is an immediate problem: the year is not easily divisible by either the day or the month. In the countries affected, physical sea defenses were in a dilapidated state due to the Second World War, and warning systems, where they existed, were rudimentary. A 1:7.5 scale model of the sea wall (3.69 m tall) at Crosby was used: the vertical sea wall has a recurve at the top and a stepped revetment below (see Methods for image of the sea wall). [16] As a result, the Delta Works were authorized, an elaborate project to enable emergency closing of the mouths of most estuaries, to prevent flood surges upriver. April 13, 2022. They write new content and verify and edit content received from contributors. Is there biblical evidence that the Hebrews observed this sort of calendar much earlier? They had a method unique to Egypt that did not rely upon a traditional calendar. Using a similar method places the creation of Adam and Eve at around . Even today we use the word season to refer to certain periods of time that do not have a direct relationship to climatic seasons. 1953 US Agency for International Development. Library, Virtual The solution to that difficulty is to add an extra day to a month about every three years. There are several aspects of this calendar worthy of note. For instance, we speak of baseball season or deer hunting season. In total, the homes of about 60,000 people were destroyed, and the death toll amounted to 315 in Hamburg. Uncategorized. by . The coastal defence of Flanders was severely damaged. I. Abrahams. The solutions fall into three categories: lunar calendars, lunisolar calendars, and solar calendars. Neither country had a central agency responsible for flood warnings, and the rapid destruction of telephone lines in affected regions made it impossible to warn other communities of the storms severity. There are only three other Hebrew names of the months mentioned in the Old Testament: Ziv (, the second month; 1 Kings 6:1, 37), Ethanim (, the seventh month; 1 Kings 8:2), and Bul (, the eighth month; 1 Kings 6:38). 20-year-old Jos de Boet from Oude-Tonge lost 42 family members in the disaster. In desperation, the mayor of Nieuwerkerk commandeered the river ship de Twee Gebroeders (The Two Brothers) and ordered the owner to plug the hole in the dyke by navigating the ship into it. Perspectives, Multimedia Genesis 8:3 states that the waters were abated after 150 days, echoing the mention of the water prevailing for 150 days in Genesis 7:24. The flood displaced 1 million people and killed almost 400. Closure begins about 9 hours before a dangerous high tide reaches the barrier. The Big Flood in the Netherlands in Retrospect. in, Hall, Alexander, The Rise of Blame and Recreancy in the United Kingdom: A Cultural, Political and Scientific Autopsy of the North Sea Flood of 1953. in, Steers, J.

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