ospf configuration commands step by step pdf

Backbone Area: It is also known as area0 or area 0.0.0.0; it forms the very core of an OSPF network, and all other areas of the network are connected to the backbone area. An account on Cisco.com is not required. Router (config-if)#ip address <IP_Address of interface> <Subnet Mask>. 255 (Decimal octet format) Wildcard mask indicates that we dont care about corresponding octet in network address. You do not need to include definitions of all areas in an OSPF autonomous system in the configuration of all routers in the autonomous system. ospf Enables OSPF See the area-id ospf Configures an message-digest-key Routing between two routers that are not directly connected will go through the router that has VCs to both routers. We will use same commands to assign IP addresses on interfaces of remaining routers. OSPF LSA group pacing is enabled by default. When a route map is used, the origination of the default route by OSPF is not bound to the existence of a default route in the routing table. Learn OSPF configuration commands, OSPF show commands, OSPF network configuration (Process ID, Network ID, Wild card mask and Area number) and OSPF routing in detail. Assigning a cost to a neighbor is optional. The OSPF metric is calculated as the ref-bw value divided by the bandwidth value, with the ref-bw value equal to 108 by default, and the bandwidth value determined by the bandwidth interface configuration command. Finding Feature Information Prerequisites for IPv6 Routing: OSPFv3 Restrictions for IPv6 Routing: OSPFv3 Information About IPv6 Routing: OSPFv3 How to Configure Load Balancing in OSPFv3 OSPF Step by Step We will use the following Cisco Packet Tracer topology to configure OSPF routing protocol. OSPF interface. If the interface associated with this IP address is ever brought down, or if the address is removed, the OSPF process must recalculate a new router ID and resend all its routing information out its interfaces. R6#conf t. Enter configuration commands, one per line. type-value] interface-number. Repeat this step for each neighbor if you want to specify a cost. There is sufficient host address space for two host endpoints on a point-to-point serial link. no shutdown command would bring the interface up. Cisco router step by step configuration guide pdf Step 1: Starting a router The following instructions set the default configuration for the Cisco routers. support. As compared to any other routing protocols like RIP, EIGRP you are required the following basic steps to enable OSPF on a router. Note You can prevent an interface from accepting demand-circuit requests from other routers to by specifying the transparent}] The stub area characteristics will still exist, including the exclusion of Type 5 LSAs. Galveston (config-router)# network 172.16.40.2 0.0.0.0 area 0. An OSPF point-to-multipoint interface is defined as a numbered point-to-point interface having one or more neighbors. R2 (config)#interface GigabitEthernet0/0. Special configuration parameters are needed in the designated router selection if broadcast capability is not configured. wildcard-mask which each feature is supported, see the feature information table. not-so-stubby area (NSSA). R6 (config)#router ospf 1. The router ID must be unique for each router in the AS. Interface mode is used to assign the IP address and other parameters. Point-to-Multipoint with Broadcast, Example: OSPF show ospfv3 The figure below shows a network diagram in which OSPF Area 1 is defined as the stub area. This feature supports RFC 1793, Extending OSPF to Support Demand Circuits. OSPF Configuration Command Syntax Once you have configured the appropriate IP addresses on each device. routing and enters router configuration mode. Both devices are able to see each other via the hello packet generated for the receiving interface. Hub-and-spoke network topologies that have a point-to-multipoint (P2MP) OSPF interface type on a hub might not revert to nondemand circuit mode when needed. Therefore, the These routes shouldn't increase their metrics while they are passing over the network and should have a beginning OSPF cost of 200. The growth of the Internet has increased the importance of scalability in IGPs such as OSPF. Only routes external to the OSPF process can be used for tracking, such as non-OSPF routes or OSPF routes from a separate OSPF process. Displays a list of OSPF LSAs waiting to be flooded over an interface. ospf {intra-area | the ip classless! You can specify the following neighbor parameters, as required: On point-to-multipoint, nonbroadcast networks, use the Learn OSPF configuration commands, OSPF show commands, OSPF network configuration (Process ID, Network ID, Wild card mask and Area number) and OSPF routing in detail. Router(config-if)#ip address 192.168.0.1 255.255.255.252 Command assigns IP address to interface. Documentation website requires a Cisco.com user ID and password. Every device number, 4. ospf In this case, both R1(config-router)# end %SYS-5-CONFIG_I: Configured from console by console R1# Task: Configure OSPF on the R2 and R3 Routers Step 1: Enable OSPF routing on the R2 router using the router ospf command. to help determine the OSPF designated router for a network. Set hello interval timer to 15 seconds. authentication-key interface configuration commands. This tutorial is the third part of this article. x25 Type 7 default route that can be used to reach external destinations. Descriptions, Figure 5. Following are the examples of different interfaces configurations on Cisco router: Sr. network router configuration commands specify the same area (area 0, or the backbone area). [route-map area-id Redistributes The router groups OSPF LSAs and paces the refreshing, checksumming, and aging functions so that sudden increases in CPU usage and network resources are avoided. key | seconds, 7. router So a classful routing protocol will match only first 16 bits (172.168.x.y) of network address. [process-id] OSPF Configuration Verification If you have access to the privileged mode of OSPF routers, you can use 'show running-config' to verify the configuration. If the router is receiving many MOSPF packets, you might want to configure the router to ignore the packets and thus prevent a large number of syslog messages. default-information area You can find the Great job we have finished our half journey. prefix (config)#router ospf <process-id>. pid option is not specified, all OSPF processes are cleared. OSPF Configuration Step by Step Guide, We do not accept any kind of Guest Post. neighbor high -bandwidth links. Our serial interfaces have 172.168.3.0/24 and 172.168.4.0/24 networks which do not fall in these search criteria. router ospf and Bandwidth is defined in Kbps. inter-area | OSPF typically requires coordination among many internal routers: Area Border Routers (ABRs), which are routers connected to multiple areas, and Autonomous System Boundary Routers (ASBRs). An OSPF point-to-multipoint network has the following benefits compared to NBMA and point-to-point networks: Point-to-multipoint is easier to configure because it requires no configuration of neighbor commands, it consumes only one IP subnet, and it requires no designated router election. Route redistribution into an NSSA area is possible only with a special type of LSA that is known as Type 7 that can exist only in an NSSA area. Let's get to the really important discussion for multiarea OSPF. Default boundary of this address is 16 bits. dead-interval, and Refreshing on a single timer resulted in the age of all LSAs becoming synchronized, which resulted in much CPU processing at once. area RFC 3101 allows you to configure an NSSA ABR router as a forced NSSA LSA translator. Step 5: When you are finished with the OSPF configuration for R1, return to privileged EXEC mode. ip Router(config-if)#no shutdown Command brings interface up. You can configure your network as either a broadcast or an NBMA network. tracert command is used to know the route which is used to get the destination. On R1, configure EIGRP routing with an autonomous system (AS) ID of 1 for all directly connected networks. OSPF also allows packet authentication and uses IP multicast when pacing key-id These tasks can be split into two general categories: The specific tasks outlined in this configuration are detailed briefly in the following descriptions. OSPF uses three different administrative distances: intra-area, interarea, and external. Point-to-Multipoint with Nonbroadcast, Example: OSPF NSSA Area with | Hello timer must be match on both routers in order become neighbors. In general, the higher the value, the lower the trust rating. ospf display fields and their descriptions. Enables OSPF routing and enters router configuration mode. This means that critical changes to the topology that require new SPF calculations are sent in order to maintain network topology integrity. Displays a list of all summary address redistribution information configured under an OSPF process. There are three basic elements of OSPF configuration: Enable OSPF instance OSPF area configuration OSPF network configuration General information is configured in /routing ospf instance menu. At the intradomain level, OSPF can import routes learned via Interior Gateway Routing Protocol (IGRP), Routing Information Protocol (RIP), and Intermediate System-to-Intermediate System (IS-IS). OSPF Configuration Step by Step Guide Learn OSPF configuration commands, OSPF show commands, OSPF network configuration (Process ID, Network ID, Wild card mask and Area number) and OSPF routing in detail. Above commands will ask router to match /24 bits of address instead of default /16 bits. By default, OSPF classifies different media into the following three types of networks: Broadcast networks (Ethernet, Token Ring, and FDDI), Nonbroadcast multiaccess (NBMA) networks (Switched Multimegabit Data Service [SMDS], Frame Relay, and X.25), Point-to-point networks (High-Level Data Link Control [HDLC] and PPP). It doesn't matter and if you want you can use a different number on each router. 3. The Enhanced Interior Gateway Routing Protocol (EIGRP) routes cannot be propagated into the OSPF domain because routing redistribution is not allowed in the stub area. This tutorial is the fourth part of our article OSPF Routing Protocol Explained with examples". This is a very important point for this OSPF configuration example. Sample OSPF Autonomous System Network Map, Figure 6. If the neighbor router configuration command was not needed for point-to-multipoint interfaces because multicast took care of the traffic. Defines the Configuring NBMA networks as either broadcast or nonbroadcast assumes that there are virtual circuits (VCs) from every router to every router, that is, a fully meshed network. configuration mode and returns to privileged EXEC mode. Repeat same process for Server0 and assign IP address 20.0.0.2/8. OSPF's basic configuration is very simple. Pacing is also added between resends to increase efficiency and minimize lost retransmissions. Every serial cable has two ends DTE and DCE. The range is from 10 seconds to 1800 seconds (30 minutes). You can use So in the example metric-type 2 was used. within the same area must agree that the area is NSSA; otherwise, the devices Your email address will not be published. This feature is useful when you want to connect telecommuters or branch offices to an OSPF backbone at a central site. area with area ID 36.0.0.0. huge For typical customers, the default group pacing interval for refreshing, checksumming, and aging is appropriate and you need not configure this feature. As with OSPF stub areas, NSSA areas cannot be injected with distributed routes via Type 5 LSAs. The two endpoints of a virtual link are ABRs. Exits global configuration mode and returns to privileged EXEC mode. OSPF uses the concept of process ID, area number and Wildcard mask which makes its configuration a little bit more complex. At a minimum, OSPF-based routers or access servers can be configured with all default parameter values, no authentication, and interfaces assigned to areas. ping command is used to test the connectivity between two devices. tag [nssa-only]. Serial interface needs two additional parameters clock rate and bandwidth. Verify that all the new OSPF Inter-Area routes are in R1's routing table; these are denoted as O*IA routes. In lab environment we need not to worry about this value. as a Not-So-Stubby Area (NSSA). It is a two-step process. While targeting a specific interface usually we use host IP address (configured on that interface). In this case valid host IP addresses are 192.168.0.1 and 192.168.0.2. mask This command accepts three arguments network number, wildcard mask and area number. metric, Used to influence DR/BDR selection process. 3.Verify that redistributed networks are shown in routing table of R1. Note that for Router C, Area 1 is assigned to E3 and area 0 is assigned to S0. We will explain these fundamental topics in easy language with examples. 3. external} Classful configuration works only with in default boundary of mask. This part explains these parameters and OSPF adjacency in detail with examples. OSPF adheres to the following Link State characteristics: OSPF employs a hierarchical network design using Areas. area-id, 6. Routing interface parametersConfigurable parameters supported include interface output cost, retransmission interval, interface transmit delay, router priority, router dead and hello intervals, and authentication key. timers In the following configuration, a RIP-learned route for network 192.168.0.0 and an ISO-IGRP-learned route with prefix 49.0001.0002 are redistributed into an IS-IS Level 2 LSP with a metric of 5: The following configuration example illustrates how a route map is referenced by the content_copy zoom_out_map. Now routers have information about the networks that they have on their own interfaces. A network engineer has manually configured the hello interval to 15 seconds on an interface of a router that is running OSPFv2. 2. between serial links and need to be set at service providers end. So any interface that belongs to specified network ID will be selected. Step 1: For R2, repeat Steps 1 Four interfaces FastEthernet0/0, FastEthernet0/1, Serial 0/0/0 and Serial0/0/1 of Router0 are used in this In this case, OSPF for on-demand circuits allows the benefits of OSPF over the entire domain, without excess connection costs. The Cisco software sequentially evaluates the address/wildcard-mask pair for each interface. If we dont want to make a router become a DR or a BDR , we change the priority value of that routers interface to 0. interface configure To enable RIP, enter the command router rip in global configuration mode. Fourth line of output confirms that DCE end of serial cable is attached. In these cases, you can configure the OSPF network type as a point-to-multipoint network. Use Refresh packets are sent to keep the LSA from expiring, whether there has been a change in the network topology or not. Network number is network ID. add interface=ether1 address=192.168..6/30 comment="connection_to_router2". When routes from other protocols are redistributed into OSPF (as described in the module "Configuring IP Routing Protocol-Independent Features"), each route is advertised individually in an external LSA. Specifies a Task 4: Configure OSPF on the R1 Router Step 1: Use the router ospf command in global configuration mode to enable OSPF on the R1 router. We can use any valid clock rate here. Router C is an OSPF ABR. For area 2, the same process is then applied to all interfaces (except Ethernet interface 0). A classful routing protocol such as RIP cannot distinguish between different Subnetted networks. md5 information in the first configuration is as follows: The following R6>en. The accumulated LSAs constitute a group, which is then refreshed and sent out in one packet or more. OSPF Neighbor States Explained with Example. The second After this configuration, which kind of neighborship established between Router 1 Router 2 and Router 2 Router 3 ? Specifies that NSSA ASBR device is a forced NSSA LSA configure the software and to troubleshoot and resolve technical issues with We need to configure IP address and other parameters on interfaces before we could actually use them for OSPF is then enabled for that interface, and Ethernet interface 1 is attached to area 2. process-id, 2. Thats all for this part. Enables OSPF View with Adobe Reader on a variety of devices. We assume that the IP address configuration is already configured on each router and PC as per the following table. OSPF uses the largest IP address configured on the interfaces as its router ID. With VLSMs, you can use different masks for the same network number on different interfaces, which allows you to conserve IP addresses and more efficiently use available address space. An administrative distance of 255 means the routing information source cannot be trusted at all and should be ignored. active or that the OSPF NSSA area is RFC 1587 compatible. However, an ASBR does not, by default, generate a defaultroute into the OSPF routing domain. protocol Choose the router ID for each router. active, and an NSSA Area Border Router (ABR) device is configured as a forced This type of reference is called You can use this feature to more easily identify a router, because the router is displayed by name rather than by its router ID or neighbor ID. Descriptions, Table 2show ip ospf database nssa Field The LSAs are now set as do not age.. However, you can specify neighbors with the seconds] [retransmit-interval area 0 (Binary bit format) Wildcard mask indicates that corresponding bit in network address must be matched exactly. Router 1 is DR , Router 2 is BDR in this situation because we firstly configured Router 1 , then we configured Router 2. Enabling EIGRP To enable EIGRP, we use the following command in global configuration mode. Enable OSPF routing protocol under process ID 10. Furthermore, a large number of LSAs could cause a sudden increase of network traffic, consuming a large amount of network resources in a short time. Forwarding Adjacencies For OSPFv3, OSPF Forwarding Address Suppression in Translated Type-5 LSAs, OSPF Inbound Filtering Using Route Maps with a Distribute List, OSPFv3 Route Filtering With wildcard we are no longer limited with default boundaries. Limit information exchange between OSPF areas, if the OSPF protocol is used. To restart an OSPF process, use the following command in EXEC mode: Clears redistribution based on the OSPF routing process ID. Because loopback interfaces never go down, greater stability in the routing table is achieved. Controls the Interface and Area Specifications for OSPF Sample Configuration, IPv6 Routing: OSPFv3 Authentication Support with IPsec, OSPF Update Packet-Pacing Configurable Timers, Autoroute Announce and ospf <process-id> : OSPF process id. Ospf configuration commands step by step pdf. Configures a Configure the The OSPF on-demand circuit is an enhancement to the OSPF protocol that allows efficient operation over on-demand circuits such as ISDN, X.25 switched virtual circuits (SVCs), and dialup lines. RFC 1587 is used. ip process-id, 6. the features documented in this module, and to see a list of the releases in The following is a sample OSPF configuration: In the following configuration, OSPF is on network 172.16.0.0: In the following configuration, IGRP autonomous system 200 is on 192.0.2.1: The examples in this section illustrate the use of redistribution, with and without route maps. The following configuration allows OSPF over an on-demand circuit, as shown in the figure below. may not support all the features documented in this module. In our example, we will examine the figure below deeply. Periodic refreshes that do not include changes, however, are not sent across the link. In this configuration, five routers are configured with OSPF: Router A and Router B are both internal routers within area 1. Defines an interface on which OSPF runs and defines the area ID for that interface. to NSSA areas. OSPF is an open standard Interior Gateway Protocol (IGP) used for exchanging routing table information throughout a single Autonomous System (AS) in an IP network. network Configuration examples follow the figure. Displays a list of LSAs waiting to be flooded over an interface (to observe OSPF packet pacing). If you intend to customize your environment, you must ensure coordinated configurations of all routers. neighbor router configuration command, in which case you should specify a cost to that neighbor. network interface configuration command, some OSPF point-to-multipoint protocol traffic was treated as multicast traffic. Allows ABR to To remove the NSSA distinction from the area, use theno form of this command. metric-value] [metric-type default-information router configuration command. All rights reserved. After that use tracert command to print the taken path. From there we can configure the interface. seconds] [transmit-delay RFC 3101 Disabled and RFC 1587 Active. Those parameters are controlled by the Configuring OSPF on a network Using the Network command to define active IP interfaces The network command defines a range of IP addresses. number, 3. Each ip number]. nssa-only AuthenticationPlain text and message-digest algorithm 5 (MD5) authentication among neighboring routers within an area is supported. So any interface that has these IP address would be selected. ip area-id OSPF Not-So-Stubby Areas (NSSA), Feature Information for Prior to NSSA, the connection between the corporate site border router and the remote router could not be run as an OSPF stub area because routes for the remote site could not be redistributed into the stub area, and two routing protocols needed to be maintained. exit command is used to return in global configuration mode. Route summarization is the consolidation of advertised addresses. switch(config)#end - It is used to exit the configuration mode. 2 After configuring first step, which router is DR and which router is BDR in Area 0 ? OSPF Metric cost Calculation Formula Explained. Router 2 uses DLCI 101 to communicate with Router 1 and DLCI 102 to communicate with Router 3. The following example outlines a configuration for several routers within a single OSPF autonomous system. For protocol-independent features that work with OSPF, see the "Configuring IP Routing Protocol-Independent Features" module. To enable the OSPF routing process, enter the following command in global configuration mode. default-cost Wildcard mask tells OSPF the part of network address that must be matched. area commands. configure log-adjacency-changes command if you want to know about OSPF neighbors going up or down without turning on the For example, if you have approximately 10,000 LSAs, decreasing the pacing interval would benefit you. RIP (Roting Information Protocol) is one of the routing protocols that you need to understand if you want to pass the Cisco CCNA exam. For example we can use 192.168.1.1 (host IP address) or we can use 192.168.1.0 (Network IP address). Router id value should be configured first when we configure OSPF . process-id Higher bandwidth has lower cost. When terminal, 2. Use these resources to install and buffers Process ID is used to differentiate between them. [autonomous-system-number] seconds. level-1-2 | of Type 7 LSAs. Configures an interface as point-to-multipoint for broadcast media. We have four networks 172.168.1.0/24, 172.168.2.0/24, 172.168.3.0/24 and 172.168.4.0/24 subnetted from Access to most tools on the Cisco Support and OSPF Configuration Commands Step by Step Configure OSPF in Router 1 Router# Router#conf t Router (config)#router ospf 10 Router (config-router)#network 1.0.0.0 .255.255.255 area 1 Router (config-router)#network 10.0.0.0 .255.255.255 area 1 Router (config-router)#^Z (Use Ctrl + Z to save settings) Configure OSPF in Router 2 Router# Router#conf t

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