Marion was located past Murrys Ferry. Undaunted, the Swamp Fox ordered an immediate advance and moved to position himself at Wiboo Swamp. Robert Rogers of New Hampshire organized a corps of New England woodsmen as full-time Provincials directly under British military auspices and paid out of British funds. Pennsylvania Pennsylvania Military Records Pennsylvania in the Revolutionary War 1st Pennsylvania Regiment Brief History Also known as the Pennsylvania Rifle Battalion and Thompson's Rifle Battalion. Gen. William Maxwell, which was formed for the fall campaign opposing the British approach toward Philadelphia from the south. The American leadership stressed the ideas of Maurice, comte de Saxe and the comte de Guibert, two leading French military theorists, which advocated cross-training every soldier to perform both line or light infantry roles to allow mission flexibility. Franklin County, In fact over the period of several years the 3d South Carolina Regiment gradually evolved into a line infantry regiment. Pennsylvania, The Regiment was authorized on March 15, 1777 in the Pennsylvania State Troops as Capt. The militia did provide a significant defensive force patrolling the south side of the Schuylkill River and engaged in occasional clashes with British outposts and scouting parties including heavy skirmishes at Whitemarsh on December 7. Trussell, Jr. (Harrisburg: Pennsylvania Historical and Museum Commission, 1977). Continental Regiments, 1st Pennsylvania Regiment 2d Pennsylvania Regiment 3d Pennsylvania Regiment 4th Pennsylvania Regiment 5th Pennsylvania Regiment 6th Pennsylvania Regiment 7th Pennsylvania Regiment 8th Pennsylvania Regiment 9th Pennsylvania Regiment 10th Pennsylvania Regiment 11th Pennsylvania Regiment 12th Pennsylvania Regiment 13th Pennsylvania Regiment Nelson's Independent Rifle Company William's Independent Company Morehead's Independent Company Weaver's Independent Company Pugh's Independent Company Doyle's Independent Rifle Company Pennsylvania State Musketry Battalion Carlisle Independent Companies State Militia Units. Special battalions of line troops were recruited for theFlying Campfrom among the Pennsylvania Associators who took part in the New Jersey campaign in 1776. Sullivan in his campaign against the Iroquois in western Pennsylvania. It spent the rest of the year in garrison at West Point and probably wintered at Morristown. Another form of line service was with theCorps of Invalids. USA. There is no particular record that the unit was involved in any fighting that summer, but in October, 1779, it had 452 officers and men with Wayne at West Point. Organized between January 31- August 19, 1777 at Lancaster as Capt. Light companies normally assembled into provisional battalions at the start of each year's campaign and acted as a special strike force in traditional battlefield roles, not as a reconnaissance element. Thus, the Pennsylvania Rifle Battalion, being the first unit formed by the state, became the 1st Pennsylvania Regiment, The 1st Pennsylvania Battalion became the nucleus of the 2nd Pennsylvania Regiment and so on. Here the 2nd Pennsylvania served in a provisional brigade commanded by Lt. Col. Aaron Burr and made a charge from the American left flank into a British force trying to assault the American center. As circumstances would have it, Rogers, who had never earned the trust of those like George Washington, sought and received a commission from Great Britain, consequently raising and leading the Queens Rangers and Kings Rangers during the American Revolution, flying the Union Jack of Great Britain rather then the red, white, and blue colors of the newly declared American colonies. Organized between June 25- July 20, 1775 to consist of 9 companies from Cumberland, Lancaster, Northumberland, Northampton, Bedford, Berks and York Counties. Captured by one of Rogers scouting units and personally escorted to confinement by Rogers, himself, the great American patriot Hale would be tried and hung from the gallows shortly thereafter, as a traitor, but not before uttering his immortal declaration, I only regret that I have one life to lose for my country.. The regiment participated in the unsuccessful defense of New York City and was captured in part at Fort Washington (16 Nov., 1776). They also helped garrison Fort Pitt, Fort Henry, and a number of smaller posts. The regiment was organized June 1775 as Maj. Timothy Bedel's Corps of Rangers . Gen. Anthony Wayne's Division. None of the light units employed by the Continental Army carried out a training role as Rogers' Rangers had during the French and Indian War. On January 1, 1777, the survivors of the 5th Battalion, along with exchanged prisoners and new recruits, were reorganized into the 6th Pennsylvania. During the summer, the 11th Pennsylvania was assigned to the 2d Brigade of Anthony Wayne's division. Morning arrived and Watson again resumed his march with Marion leading. Mother Bedford - The Pennsylvania Frontier Of The 1700s The colonel of the 13th, 23-year-old Walter Stewart, became the Second's new commander. Reorganized and re-designated on January 1, 1777 as the 5th Pennsylvania Regiment, to consist of 8 companies. Bedford County Revolutionary War Militia 302-324. return to scholars showcase. Substitute Fine was paid. At the outbreak of the Revolutionary War, so many men volunteered to join the Associators that a more formal operating structure was required. These active duty rolls could be distinguished from the permanent billet rolls by the fact that instead of being listed by individual classes as they were in the permanent rolls, the names of the men were here listed under the name of the company captain. The mutiny failed and resulted in many of the soldiers receiving their discharges. Roster01.htm - Bedford Taking refuge in forests and swamps, for which he earned the appellation the Swamp Fox from his enemies, Marions brigade kept the British off-balance with quick movements that captured British troops, destroyed supplies, and disrupted lines of communications. Pennsylvania Line Regiments and other Pennsylvania Units. The following is a brief explanation of the differences between these branches of service. During the 1777 campaign, the regiment split, with the smaller rifle corps joining Maj. Gen. Horatio Gates at Saratoga. Benjamin Church (1639-1718) of Massachusetts developed a special full-time unit mixing white colonists selected for frontier skills with friendly Indians to carry out offensive strikes against hostile Indians in terrain where normal militia units were ineffective. Union County, Pennsylvania Revolutionary Soldiers - PA-Roots It sustained casualties at Paoli on Sept. 21, including one officer killed, and at the Battle of Germantown it was the left flank of the American troops attacking the British center that was mistakenly fired on by other American troops. About. Morgans Corps of Rangers was coming to fruition. Many men listed on company rosters never drilled, and tens of thousands enrolled in the militia never experienced a single day of active duty. The structure of the legionary corps focused on providing close reconnaissance and security patrols for a field army although various operational and manpower problems hampered most of the regiments from achieving complete success. The Continental Army authorized several of these formations in 1777 and 1778, primarily as a vehicle to employ European volunteers who could not be inserted into existing regiments without provoking major arguments over rank, or because of language barriers. An online listing of officers in the American Revolutionary War From Bedford County Despite the fact that a totally comprehensive collection is not available, a number of rosters of Patriots of the American Revolutionary War from Bedford County, Pennsylvania have survived. The regiment was authorized in December, 1775 as the 5th Pennsylvania Battalion. During this period, 135 men and officers were detached to Col. Daniel Morgan and participated in the Saratoga campaign as part of his rifle corps. The only unit capable, Lees Legion, had been recalled to the north to support Greene. For line troops, neither the type of service rendered nor the term of enlistment was uniform. South Carolina and Georgia each raised mounted ranger units in 1775-1776, but when they became part of the Continental Army during the summer of 1776 they transformed into mounted infantry. When spring came, the regiment was again actively engaged in patrols and skirmishes with British forays from New York. John Nelson's Independent Rifle Company and assigned to the. Immortalized in song and story, Francis Marion became a hero of the Revolution second only to the commander-in-chief and first President of the United States, George Washington. The Regiment was authorized on March 6, 1776 in the Pennsylvania State Troops as the Pennsylvania State Musketry Battalion. Found more than one record for entered Email, You need to confirm this account before you can sign in. For the 2nd Class, the colonel of the 2nd Battalion, lieutenant colonel of the First Battalion, and major of the 4th Battalion entered service in command of the 2nd Class active-duty battalion. The County Lieutenants ensured that militia units turned out for military exercises, provided the militia units with arms and equipment at the expense of the state, located substitutes for those who declined to serve, and assessed and collected the militia fines. Rangers committed to prolonged enlistment periods and rather than fight the war for independence, they patrolled Pennsylvania's western frontier, often fending off Indian attacks. List of 10,000 Revolutionary Soldiers 1775-1783 - Fold3 HQ Pennsylvania Long Rifles. Most of the Associators now disbanded. A County Lieutenant holding the rank of colonel was responsible for implenenting the law with the assistence of sub-lieutenants who held the rank of lieutenant colonel. October 4, 1777 - Possibly because of their service at Brandywine, Conway's Brigade was chosen to lead the main column of Washington's army in the attack on the British at Germantown. This was the second unit raised by the state (the first was "The Pennsylvania Rifle Battalion") and was enrolled for a term of one year. If you have Pennsylvania ancestors who served in the Revolutionary War, you may be confused by the varying names for forms of service. By July 10, it was encamped with the American Army at Ft. Ticonderoga. General financial confusion and the collapse of wartime currencies made prompt payment impossible, but eventually, under an act of April 1, 1784, Pennsylvania compensated such payment for their active service and settled accounts with certain other public creditors by passing to them interesting bearing Revolutionary War Records - Ancestry Men From the Turloch Militia who Joined Kings Royal Rangers of New York and Butler's Rangers; 1778 List of Men From Pennsylvania who joined the British Army. Revolutionary War Pension Payment Ledgers, 1818-1872 from NARA microfilm publication T718. Fairfax County, This time, the question of military service was no longer optional. Another sixty-six enlisted men were sick, and thirty-one were on detached service. Search the Revolutionary War Pension and Bounty-Land Warrant Application Files of Connecticut Veterans from The National Archives: Capt. Eighty years after becoming the United States of America, the nation suffered a Civil War. Only Elisha Sheldon's 2d Legionary Corps (a Connecticut unit serving in 1781 in the West Point-Westchester County zone) fully exploited the possibilities of the combined arms structure. From there it moved to Morristown, New Jersey, for the encampment in Jockey Hollow where it endured the most brutal winter of the 18th Century. Companies and Battalions of militia were set up on a geographical basis similar to the arrangement already familiar with the Associators. The situation was not good. Exercise Fine. Thousands of militiamen returned from tours of active duty unpaid, bearing only a slip signed by a commanding officer. Light infantry companies added to the regimental organization of each Continental Army infantry regiment in 1778 also had European roots. They also became very adept at employing the mounted troops in a raid designed to provoke a British pursuit which would end with a classic "L-shaped" ambush. Following additional successes by the Swamp Fox, General Nathanael Greene would write the following to Francis Marion: When I consider how much you have done and suffered, and under what disadvantage you have maintained your ground, I am at a loss which to admire most, your courage and fortitude, or your address and management. Hiding in his lair on Peyres Plantation or Snows Island by day and stealthily emerging at night to strike around midnight, Marion and his men would wreak havoc on British units from White Marsh to Black Mingo before fading once again into the morasses of the Santee or Peedee Rivers. Union County, Re-designated on January 1, 1776 as the 1st Continental Regiment. January to June 1777 - During this period the unit was reorganized as the 6th Regiment with Colonel Henry Bicker as its commander. Pennsylvania Regiments in the Continental Army - American Revolutionary War Frustration had set in on the British in regard to Marion, and the decision was made by Cornwallis replacement as field commander in South Carolina, Lord Francis Rawdon, to try and eradicate the pest once and for all. 3, The Pennsylvania Line: Regimental Organization and Operations, 17751783. For the remainder of the war, the fame of Morgan and of his Rangers continued to grow as they deployed throughout the colonies engaging British forces. In 1782, John Alton served as a Private in the Pennsylvania Rangers on the Frontier in Captain John Dean's Company in Westmoreland County, Pennsylvania, with his brother Benjamin during Colonel Crawford's disastrous expedition against the Indians at Sandusky. Ancestry.com and our loyal RootsWeb community. Northumberland County Revolutionary War Militia It was consolidated with the 5th Pennsylvania Regiment on 17 January 1781 and re-designated as the 5th Pennsylvania Regiment and concurrently furloughed at Trenton, New Jersey. History of the massacre of Captain Phillips' Pennsylvania Rangers; Illinois, Revolutionary War Veteran Burials, 1775-1850; Illinois, U.S., Revolutionary War Veteran Burials Index, 1775-1850; In memoriam : citizen soldiers of Dracut, Mass. It halted the British attack but was itself compelled to retire under subsequent artillery fire. The Pennsylvania Genealogical Magazine 23 (No. Choosing escape, Watson abruptly wheeled his Regiment to the right and proceeded to move at a quick pace across fifteen miles of marsh and pine lands to the Santee Road. When several classes were called up for active duty, a separate roll for each company listed the names of the men who actually served, either in person or as substitutes. Weve updated the security on the site. The west bank was a high bluff with the roadway passing down through a ravine to the bridge. Pennsylvania claimed the 1st Continental Regiment as its own and renamed the regiment as the 1st Pennsylvania Regiment. Westmoreland County Revolutionary War Militia Revolutionary War Frontier PA Rangers - Find a Grave Following a brief skirmish on the narrow land bridge, both sides withdrew. The Regiment was authorized on December 9, 1775 in the Continental Army as the 4th Pennsylvania Battalion. Defense Production Act Title III Presidential Determination for Airbreathing Engines, Advanced Avionics Position Navigation and Guidance Systems, and Constituent Materials for Hypersonic Systems, Assistant Secretary of Defense for Special Operations and Low-Intensity Conflict Co-Hosts the First Irregular Warfare Medical Resiliency Working Group, Secretary Lloyd J. Austin III Message to the Force, Secretary of Defense Lloyd J. Austin III Message to the Force, Ranger Assessment & Selection Program How to Become a 75th Ranger, 75 Years Ago Today. To cross it would put Watson deep within the heartland of the Whig resistance. Queen's Rangers - Wikipedia Most of the service rendered by members of the Pennsylvania Militia fell into one of three categories. This time, the question of military service was no longer optional. The 1st Pennsylvania was considered an elite unit and was given the post of honor on the right of the line. Arriving from Ireland Kauffman, As we continue to get closer to a complete collection of The Pennsylvania Archives, we find more interesting facts. October 4, 1777 Battle of Germantown. November 16, 1776 The fall of Fort Washington. But they were engaged with one of the finest regiments in the British army and, thus, in the world. Riflemen 1775 - American Revolution Still assigned to Greene's division, the PSR participates in the assault of the British right flank. Perry County, He was replaced by Col. John Phillip DeHaas of Lebanon. After this, the 7th Pennsylvania spent time in New York and New Jersey watching the British. Lee particularly shined when his regulars stiffened the irregular local forces of leaders like Francis ("Swamp Fox") Marion. A militiaman called for active duty who found such duty inconvenient was permitted to hire a Substitute to march and fight in his stead. The "Act to Regulate the Militia of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania" passed 17 March 1777, and the the subsequent Militia Act passed March 20, 1780, together with their amendments, required all white men between the ages of 18 and 53 capable of bearing arms to serve two months of militia duty on a rotating basis. In certain counties there were recruited special troops called Pierce's Certificates. The 5th Pennsylvania Regiment was raised December 9, 1775 at Chester, Pennsylvania for service with the Continental Army. Certificates of the funded or Militia Debt. Both Watson and Marion rode out to face each other across a quarter-mile causeway spanning the mire and marsh of the swamp. Having dashed ahead to destroy the bridge, Horry and his men were positioned fifty yards across the river. These certificates (bonds in the modern sense) were ultimately redeemed at face value. . Most of the muster rolls that have survived were made up just before the men were discharged from duty. When General Washington asked for the middle Atlantic states to provide additional reinforcements willing to serve for six months duty in 1776, the Associator units were tapped as a manpower pool, though the individual units did not themselves become part of the Pennsylvania Line forces. You may be trying to access this site from a secured browser on the server. For Bucks County, information has also been provided from the returns for the Committee of Safety (the Associators) for 1775. "Pennsylvania Rifle: Revolutionary Weapon in a Conventional War." Pennsylvania Magazine of History and Biography, 103 (July 1979), pp. Baffled about what to do next, Watson waited on the bluff until evening, when he withdrew to a plantation a mile north of the bridge. During this period, activist elements among Pennsylvania's population organized local volunteer "associations" that were eventually formed into fifty-three battalions. Unfortunately, neither this stick nor the carrot achieved the desired results. For all intents the Regiment ceased to exist. With France entering the conflict on the side of the new United States in May, the British abandoned Philadelphia and moved across New Jersey to the more easily defended stronghold of New York City. It was Maxwell's command which fought the delaying action at Iron Hill on September 3, 1777, when Lt. Col. Francis Gurney was wounded. Pennsylvania was assigned to provide 12 of these "Continental" regiments and decided to use the battalions created in 1775 as the foundation for the state's quota. Other units in the Continental Army either used the term ranger in their designation or were commonly called rangers, but did not serve in that capacity in the traditional sense. Undaunted, the British Regulars held their ground, unlimbered their field cannon, and repelled the attack. To avoid capture, nearly all its vessels were sunk in the spring of 1778. This data collection contains an estimated 80,000 application files from officers and enlisted men who served in the Revolutionary War in all branches of the American military: army, navy, and marines. The American Revolutionary War, also known as the American War of Independence, was a war between the Kingdom of Great Britain and thirteen British colonies in North American. Ages ranged from sixteen to sixty years. Pennsylvania Militia and a chart showing how the units were organized is available. The regiment was disbanded on January 17, 1781 at Trenton, New Jersey. Realizing that he had done enough and that his men would not be able to stand in the open ground against such a disciplined and highly trained force, Marion had his men remount and follow him, leaving the field of battle to Watson. Proudly founded in 1681 as a place of tolerance and freedom. In enrollment, it probably never numbered as many as one thousand men. Volume Reel 0821 American Revolutionary War Service Records; Soldiers--United States--Registers Pennsylvania, Sixth Battalion (1776) Sixth Regiment: L - Z. Early in that year, as tension mounted, there appeared spontaneously in certain localities volunteer companies of Reorganized and redesignated on January 1, 1777 as the 2nd Pennsylvania Regiment, to consist of 8 companies. The two dismounted troops armed and equipped as light infantry provided a defensive element to protect the camp from enemy surprise attack, and also provided a base of fire around which the mounted elements could maneuver. John Pugh's Independent Company to guard Powder Mill at French Creek. Crossing the road that led from Murrys Ferry to Kingstree, Watson continued to follow Marion toward Georgetown. For the rotation of field officers on active duty, it was therefore necessary to substitute Colonel for Captain, Lieutenant Colonel for 1st Lieutenant, Major for 2nd Lieutenant, etc in the column under each Battalion for Company. All males aged 20 to 45 - including immigrants seeking citizenship - had to register for the draft. Indian warriors, British rangers wipe out Western Pa. town during Contrary to common belief, none of the lands granted to veterans by the federal government were located in Pennsylvania. 14 cemeteries found within miles of your location will be saved to your photo volunteer list. The origin of the ranger tradition lies in the seventeenth century wars between colonists and Native American tribes. The geographical boundaries for each district were drawn so as to raise between 440 to 680 men fit for active duty as determined by information contained in the local tax rolls. When new elections were held for field officers in 1780 and 1783, the colonels elected at that time again drew lots for their rank and this resulted in a new order for the battalions. The men in each battalion elected their own field officers who carried the rank of colonel, lieutenant colonel and major and these officers were then commissioned by the state and expected to serve for three years. Within the formation were the wagons, periodically stopping to gather more wounded or dead. Revolutionary War General. During the winter of 1776-1777 the Association collapsed, and the Assembly replaced it with a militia system which, though imperfect, proved better adapted to Pennsylvania's needs. With his cavalry defeated, Watson advanced his guards. Watson did not take long to initiate the fight. The four regiments of light dragoons raised in 1777 as a reconnaissance force derived from European developments in light cavalry during the eighteenth century. The names of these individuals will be found on the appeal lists. Strafford County, To fight the enemy bravely with a prospect of victory is nothing; but to fight with intrepidity under the constant impression of defeat, and inspire irregular troops to do it, is a talent peculiar to yourself. The 7th Pennsylvania was part of the force that attacked the blockhouse under Wayne at Bergen Heights on july 21, 1780. Pennsylvania, Please enable scripts and reload this page. For this reason, a separate permanent billet record and an active duty record would have existed for each individual who saw active duty. The regiment was raised in Cumberland and York counties (companies G and H). Scouts abounded about the British regiment. Organized in spring 1777 at Philadelphia to consist of 8 companies from Westmoreland, Lancaster, Chester, Philadelphia and Cumberland Counties. Black regimental hats are bound up in yellow.Records of deserters in 1777-78 show however, men clad in various color regimental coats and hunting shirts. On July 1, 1776, the army reorganized yet again with each state directed to supply a quota of line regiments for Continental service. These actions earned the Rangers a reputation for ruthlessness. Whitcomb's Rangers started as a similar provisional unit on the Lake Champlain front in 1776. The Regiment was authorized on September 16, 1776 in the Continental Army as the 9th Pennsylvania Regiment. Largely due to its Quaker roots, Pennsylvania did not initially (like neighboring colonies) form a standing militia. 1783-1788], Return of Pennsylvania Line Entitled To Donation Lands, Northumberland Co Revolutionary War Militia, Philadelphia City Revolutionary War Militia, Philadelphia Co Revolutionary War Militia, Westmoreland Co Revolutionary War Militia, PHMC Collections Management Policy Standards, Diversity, Equity, Inclusion & Access Policy, Military Accounts, Associators, 1775-1777 (RG 4) (microfilm rolls #152), Military Accounts, Line, 1775-1809 (RG 4) (microfilm rolls #142-150), Military Accounts, Militia, 1777-1794 (RG 4) (microfilm rolls #153-189), Military Accounts, Navy, 1775-1794 (RG 4) (microfilm rolls #205-207, 150), Revolutionary War Pension File, 1809-1893 (RG 2) (microfilm rolls #20-22), Revolutionary War Pension List Book, 1834-1837 (RG 28) (microfilm roll #240), Records of Pennsylvania's Revolutionary Governments (RG 27) (microfilm rolls #689-741), Miscellaneous Manuscripts of the Revolutionary War Era, 1771-1791 (MG 275) (microfilm roll #2984), Lyman Copeland Draper Papers, 1542-1916 (MG 262) (microfilm rolls #1202-1239), Sol Feinstone Collection of the American Revolution, 1739-1859 (MG-262) (microfilm rolls #1290-1292), Lieutenant General von Knyphausen, Report of the Battle of Brandywine to Court of Hesse-Kassel, September 11, 1777 (MG 262) (microfilm rolls #3003), Revolutionary War Rolls, 1775-1789 (National Archives) (microfilm rolls #1733-1738), Donation and Depreciation Lands (RG 17) (microfilm roll #3429). On September 25 it rushed from Tappan, New York, to West Point to reinforce the garrison there after Benedict Arnold's treachery was discovered. They were instead the numbers of the battalions from which the men came! The 11th Pennsylvania fought again at Germantown on October 4, 1777. On these permanent billet rolls the men in each company were listed as being either part of the first class, second class, third class, etc. A double-pronged attack was planned with Lieutenant Colonel Watson marching down the Santee to attack Marion while Colonel Welbore Ellis Doyle crossed the Lynches River to cut off the rebels escape. Pennsylvania Revolutionary Soldiers The following names are not included in the regular muster rolls. The resulting restructuring of the Pennsylvania Line perpetuated a 2nd Regiment among the state's six reorganized units, with Walter Stewart still in command. They were either used to augment the operations of the Continental Line such as when some of the Associators accompanied General Washington in crossing the Delaware in January 1777. The 13th Pennsylvania Regiment, also known as The Pennsylvania State Rifle Regiment and Miles's Regiment, was raised March 6, 1776, as a state militia regiment and later for service with the Continental Army. Curtailing his attempt to clear the far side first, Watson formed his men in column and ordered the first column forward with its captain out front. Following a disastrous expedition to Quebec, Canada, and his subsequent capture and parole as a prisoner, Morgan was appointed a colonel of a rifle regiment.
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pennsylvania rangers revolutionary war