what do the colors mean in the erg?

YELLOW: The yellow pages list chemicals in numerical order based on their assigned ID number (UN number). Youll then watch a flashing light. WHITE - The white section of the ERG provides the introduction, instruction, guidance, placards, and more. Avoid fundus photography, fundus autofluorescence, fluorescein angiography, and other intense illumination before ERG recording. 6 Which is the most dangerous Toxic Inhalation Hazard? In RDP 8813 In order to evaluate the effects of changes in fiscal policy on a countrys external payments position it is necessary to make use of some model of current account determination. In this section you will find offensive tactics recommendations, as well as 2 sets of protective distances that all depend on the type of vessel size. Cambridge, MA, MIT Press; 2006. The 2020 ERG helps you comply with this requirement. What do you need to know about inhalation hazard labels? If your results are normal, theyll show the wave patterns of a normal eye in response to each flash of light. Before dark-adapted protocols: 20 min of dark-adaptation. Fire Control, Immediate first aid, evacuation distances, and product spill control recommendations. what do the colors mean in the erg? YELLOW Materials ordered by 4-Digit UN/NA Number. Order by un numberMoreNumber start with the yellow pages here dangerous goods are listed in numerical. 16 reversals per second) a steady-state pERG is produced, which has different characteristics. The rods are more sensitive to light than the cones, but theyre not more sensitive to color. This system uses NO hazardous materials and although may not look exactly like your front line meter, shows the important data which the all students needs to learn to react to. (Keep in mind these should not be used in place of an actual ERG on your response vehicle). includes information on personal protective equipment, fire & spill control, criminal terrorist use of hazardous materials, and glossary. It is broken into color-coded sections so you can find what you're looking for quickly. ISCEV has provided a standard for recording the pERG that has most recently been updated in 2012. Clarity of the ocular media and proper refraction are important for pERG measurement. Staying on top of current documents can help you feel informed and prepared on the scene, whatever the incident may bring. Now its time to piece it all together. Necessary cookies are absolutely essential for the website to function properly. Your eyes may feel sensitive after the test. When looking for a chemical name, remember that just a few letter off can be the difference between an acid, base, or even an oxidizer. Mohamad-Rafiuddin MS, et al. Panel A shows the ffERG recorded under dark-adapted conditions in response to a weak, diffuse, full-field flash of light. The mfERG has also been recorded in conditions such as retinitis pigmentosa, branch retinal artery occlusion, and Stargardt disease. If corneal contact lens electrodes are inserted after dark-adaptation, this should be performed under dim red light. Request the patient to fixate steadily and not move his/her eyes. BLUE - Materials ordered by dangerous goods material name. How do you find an ERG? Understanding how to use the ERG before an incident is key. These distances differ based on whether the incident occurred during the day or at night. Being the color of sunshine, yellow puts a smile on the dial. Made essential updates to necessary guide pages. Koushik Tripathy, MD (AIIMS), FRCS (Glasgow), https://eyewiki.org/w/index.php?title=Electroretinogram&oldid=88041, Scotopic responses are normal/nearly normal; photopic responses are undetectable, Abnormal scotopic responses; strong flash response can be electronegative; photopic responses are abnormal, Normal ffERG (abnormal electroocoulogram), Possible mfERG abnormalities that localize to lesion location, Variable depending on disease state; photopic flicker response is commonly delayed; responses may be super-normal in early stages and reduced/delayed in late stages, Can be reduced/delayed; few reports are available in the literature, Often severely abnormal or undetectable; photopic responses often more abnormal than scotopic, Often significantly abnormal; reduced scotopic b-wave amplitude; OP abnormalities, Scotopic and photopic responses are variable in mild cases; more likely to be abnormal in severe, Parafoveal abnormality in early stages with later fovea/central involvement, Often severely abnormal; scotopic responses often worse than photopic, Typically abnormal, particularly with late macular involvement, Abnormal photopic responses with normal/nearly normal scotopic responses, Often shows early and severe abnormalities, Cone and rod abnormalities; photopic responses are more affected than scotopic responses, Dark adapted weak flash response is absent; strong flash response is electronegative; photopic responses are usually abnormal, Dark adapted weak flash response is abnormal; strong flash response is electronegative; photopic responses are substantially abnormal, Scotopic responses are absent; photopic responses are typically normal, Variable depending on disease stage; oscillatory potentials can be abnormal in early stages; flicker responses can be reduced and delayed; PhNR can be reduced, Patchy abnormalities; location of timing delays may correlate with present/future microaneurisms, Undetectable/significantly abnormal scotopic responses; significantly abnormal photopic responses, Abnormal scotopic responses; variable photopic responses; scotopic responses improve after prolonged dark adaption, Severely abnormal or undetectable scotopic and photopic responses; abnormalities often present in infancy, Dark adapted weak flash response is absent; strong flash response is electronegative; photopic responses are variable, but can be abnormal, Scotopic/photopic abnormalities that resolve following the acute phase, Variable; abnormalities can be observed that resolve following the acute phase, Dark adapted weak flash response is absent; strong flash response is electronegative; photopic responses are normal; scotopic responses improve after prolonged dark adaption, Abnormal scotopic responses; strong flash response can be electronegative; abnormal photopic responses, Severely abnormal or undetectable scotopic responses; photopic responses are variable, but usually abnormal; scotopic/photopic are undetectable in late-stage, Usually abnormal; scotopic responses are usually more affected than photopic; initially can produce supernormal responses followed by amplitude loss over time, Variable: can find normal scotopic and photopic responses; normal scotopic and abnormal photopic; abnormal scotopic and photopic, Abnormal scotopic responses; normal photopic responses (but can vary), Dark adapted weak flash response is significantly reduced/absent; strong flash response is often electronegative; photopic responses are abnormal. 0000008434 00000 n which this spells out the hazards encountered in the event of transportation related release and the immediate emergency response procedures. Multifocal electroretinography in diabetic retinopathy and diabetic macular edema. All rights reserved. The time to learn isnt at 2:30am when its pouring down rain and you have a 23 DOT-111 rail car derailment carrying a mix of products. All rights reserved. The amplitude and implicit times of the a- and b-waves are quantified in the same manner as that for the dark-adapted responses shown in panel B. The ERG is organized into easily recognized colors. Whether you are a Hazmat Technician, Specialist, Awareness, or even not in the fire service but may have to use an ERG today we are going to run a quick refresher for you. ; BLUE - The blue section of the ERG provides materials ordered by dangerous goods material name. The Emergency Response Guide (ERG), a tool for all responders. The ERG identifies small spills as those that involve quantities that are less than 200 liters for liquids and less than 300 kilograms for solids; and large spills than involve quantities that are greater than 200 liters and greater than 300 kilograms of solids. Then, the Guidebook is divided into four color-coded sections: yellow, blue, orange and green. The chemical digestion of food begins in the . The resulting mfERG waveforms (shown below) are similar in shape to those of the light-adapted ffERG: there is an initial negative deflection (termed N1), followed by a positive deflection (termed P1), and a second negative deflection (termed N2). (Courtesy of J. Jason McAnany, PhD.). It is a must-have for everyone who handles and transports dangerous goods and hazmat. 0000006660 00000 n Which section of the ERG provides safety recommendations and general hazards information? Farmer's Empowerment through knowledge management. The ERG incorporates dangerous goods lists from the most recent United Nations (UN) Recommendations as well as from other international and national regulations. Marmor MF, Cabael L. (2018). What does the green section of the ERG contain? Contact information for need to know agencies have been updated. Doc Ophthalmol 130:112, Hood DC, Bach M, Brigell M, Keating D, Kondo M, Lyons JS, Marmor MF, McCulloch DL, Palmowski-Wolfe AM (2012). What colored section of the ERG contains safety recommendations and emergency response information? The Effects of Non-Dilated and Dilated Pupil at Different Eccentricity on Multifocal Electroretinogram. The N95 component is markedly reduced or eliminated in experimental glaucoma or by blocking action potentials using tetrodotoxin. Materials in the Yellow and Blue section that are highlighted in green refer to this section. This guide helps your company comply with the DOT 49 CFR 172.602 requirement that hazmat shipments be accompanied with emergency response information. Yellow: This section is key in determining what exactly is involved in your incident. what do the colors mean in the erg? This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. In 1908, Einthoven and Jolly separated the ERG response into three components: a-wave, b-wave, and c-wave, which are further described below. Understanding how to use the ERG before an incident is key. mfERG responses are recorded under light-adapted conditions from the cone-pathway. Potential references that may be used in conjunction with the ERG include: By the end of this section, you will be able to: Calculate the price elasticity of demand Calculate the price elasticity of supply Both the demand and supply curve show the relationship between Com apenas 3 ingredientes voc pode preparar um tnico que combate a queda e fortalece o cabelo. Take a moment to discover everything thats possible with Acrobat Sign today, from securing your files to signing digital documents. By reaching this point you have: identified your placard class, researched the UN number, and determine the product name. Rapid flicker is a useful stimulus for assessing cone-pathway function, because rod photoreceptors generally cannot follow rapid flicker. 8. Panel B shows the ffERG recorded under dark-adapted conditions in response to a stronger flash of light. Which amount is the maximum time for the nurse to apply suction when performing endotracheal suctioning of a patient? They are similar to the yellow pages, but they are alphabetically sequenced by the name of the hazardous material. Placards for those who do not stay up to date on them are also referenced in the white section, but for a more in depth break down of each product, see a better reference chart. The older adult who controls diabetes with diet and exercise, c. The retiree who volunteers 3 days a week at the local library, d. The 80 -year-old who is upbeat and hopeful during chemotherapy for lung cancer. * For the purposes of this guidebook, the terms hazardous materials/dangerousgoods are synonymous. Frishman L, Sustar M, Kremers J, McAnany JJ, Sarossy M, Tzekov R, Viswanathan S. (2018). The orange-bordered pages or orange guide is the most important section of the guidebook as this is where all the safety recommendations reside. For higher reversal rates (e.g. Note: This infographic specifically references the 2016 ERG. Which is correct poinsettia or poinsettia? Click HERE for a quote. What is the formula for calculating solute potential? This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. This section also includes information regarding toxic gases that are produced when certain materials are spilled in water (as identified previously in this section). 0000037641 00000 n Save my name, email, and website in this browser for the next time I comment. Of note, a series of wavelets can be seen on the ascending portion of the b-wave. This is useful in diseases that have widespread retinal dysfunction: e.g. Mike is a contributing editor to Hazmat Nation, powered by HazSim. The ERG includes 62 Guides (found in the Orange Section) that identify the primary hazards associated with the applicable general category of hazardous material and general guidance on how to respond to incidents involving that general category of hazardous material. oxidizer How do I choose between my boyfriend and my best friend? In addition to any other markings required by this subpart: (a) A material poisonous by inhalation (see 171.8 of this subchapter) shall be marked Inhalation Hazard in association with the required labels or placards, as appropriate, and shipping name when required. what do the colors mean in the erg?how to reduce trimethylamine what do the colors mean in the erg? Yellow - Top/Bottom Layers. This provides important spatial information that is lacking in the ffERG, allowing dysfunction within the macula that might be missed by ffERG to be assessed. 800.621.5808. Ocular movements introduce large electrical artifacts, change electrode position, and may cause blockage of light by the eyelids/electrode. Click this link for customers in action using the HazSim to better train responders. 136:207-211. They also vary based on the size of the spill. congenital retinoschisis, which is a splitting of layers in the retina. There are around 120 million rods in the human eye and six to seven million cones. The ERG is organized into easily recognized colors. They reside mostly in your eyes macula. EMERGENCY CONTACT 1-000-000-0000 NO. Advertisement cookies are used to provide visitors with relevant ads and marketing campaigns. For full functionality of this site it is necessary to enable JavaScript. What is the analogous effect for light? Where can I find the hazardous materials ID number? The source of the P50 is debated, but there is some evidence suggesting that it is generated by RGCs with additional contributions from more distal sites. 4. . (Keep in mind these should not be used in place of an actual ERG on your response vehicle). Headaches caused by a new eyeglass prescription are common. 3 What does the yellow portion of the NFPA diamond represent? Press ESC to cancel. The time to learn isnt at 2:30am when its pouring down rain and you have a 23 DOT-111 rail car derailment carrying a mix of products. The color of enthusiasm and emotion. d-wave: The d-wave is a rapid positive potential that follows light offset and is generated by OFF-type bipolar cells. what do the colors mean in the erg?danny sorenson paper clips. WHITE Introduction, instruction, guidance, placards, and more. Hb```f`` B@Q 0000110045 00000 n It includes health and fire or explosion potential hazard information (with the more dangerous hazard listed first). Color Hazard Orange Explosive Red Flammable or combustible Green Non-flammable gas Yellow Reactive oxidizer or organic peroxide White Toxic/Poisonous or infectious substance At least 20 ms of baseline recording before the stimulus for single flash ERGs, At least 2 responses from each stimulus condition should be obtained to validate consistency/assess variability, The time-integrated luminance of the stimulus (cd-s-m-2) and background luminance (cd/m2 ) should be reported, Note deviations from the standard ISCEV protocol, Size of retinal area illuminated (amplitude can be reduced if the stimulus is not full-field because the patient is positioned too far from the stimulus source), Clarity of ocular media (note that mild cataract has minimal effects on the ffERG), ERG amplitude can be reduced in high myopia, McCulloch DL, Marmor MF, Brigell MG, Hamilton R, Holder GE, Tzekov R, Bach M (2015). Yellow: The yellow section helps you identify the specific chemicals that are part of the incident. If this is unavoidable, allow at least 30 min recovery time in ordinary room illumination. The ERG as we will reference it, was created to establish boundaries, and other types of recommendations for hazardous materials incidents. Analytical cookies are used to understand how visitors interact with the website. The PhNR has gained interest because it is primarily driven by retinal ganglion cells. Certain conditions including complete congenital stationary night blindness, melanoma-associated retinopathy, and juvenile X-linked retinoschisis produce a characteristic abnormality of this response that has been termed electronegative. Specifically, the a-wave has a normal (or nearly normal) amplitude, whereas the b-wave is markedly attenuated. Tzekov R, Arden GB (1999) The electroretinogram in diabetic retinopathy. The first edition released by the US DOT in 1973, has aided many responders in determining safe distances and start the process to minimize the hazards at hand, as well as aid in hazardous materials preplans. Now its time to piece it all together. Once you have located the physical name of the chemical associated for the 4 digit UN number, you can then reference the corresponding guide to lead you further in your product mitigation. YELLOW - Materials ordered by 4-Digit UN/NA Number. c-wave: The c-wave is a slow positive component that follows the b-wave and is generated from the retinal pigment epithelium and photoreceptors. The user is provided with a corresponding guide number that references safety information in the orange section. So, remember when referring to the green section you are looking for the toxic and inhalation issues associated with the chemical. Required fields are marked *. These groups align with Maslows levels of physiological needs, social needs, and self-actualization needs, respectively. The electrode types and placement discussed for the ffERG can also be applied for fERG measurement. What do the colors mean in the ERG? Considering psychosocial role theory, which patient demonstrates healthy adjustment to aging? Marketing, production, and sales are all involved in the the core business process known as ______. In this section you will find offensive tactics recommendations, as well as 2 sets of protective distances that all depend on the type of vessel size. Your doctor may prescribe you medication to treat other retinal conditions. This page has been accessed 409,791 times. By clicking Accept All, you consent to the use of ALL the cookies. The focal ERG (fERG) is used primarily to measure the functional integrity of the central macula and is therefore useful in providing information in diseases limited to the macula. The amplitude of the a-wave is typically measured from the pre-stimulus baseline (0 V) to the trough of the a-wave. So, remember when referring to the green section you are looking for the toxic and inhalation issues associated with the chemical. The same mfERG data are displayed in three different ways. Find out more ERG facts and see what else is in the ERG. Curr Diab Rep. 14:526. ISCEV Standard for full-field clinical electroretinography (2015 update). Do not depend on it hours into the incident as you should be referring to other guidebooks. Robson AG, Nilsson J, Li S, Jalali S, Fulton AB, Tormene AP, Holder GE, Brodie SE (2018). White: This is the information section for the ERG. The electroretinogram and electro-oculogram: Clinical applications by Donnell J. Creel. The guide numbers refer to the orange pages in the book. According to ISCEV 2015 full-field ERG guidelines: The full-field ERG is a mass response of the retina that has contributions from several retinal sources, summed throughout the retina. Numerous references have been developed over the years to assist personnel responding to a hazardous materials spill. Your doctor will conduct the test in normal light and in a darkened room. It is optimistic and upliftning, adds spontaneity and positivity to life and it encourages social communication and creativity. Your doctor will attach another electrode to your skin so that it functions as a ground for the faint electrical signals made by the retina. Here's what you need to know. The b-wave is generated by ON- and OFF-type bipolar cells. This approach produces a wealth of information and there are several ways in which the information can be condensed for display. & TYPE OF PACKAGES 1 TANKTRUCK UN1219 ISOPROPANOL 12 000 LITERS QUANTITY 3 II HAZARD CLASS OR DIVISION NO. Green - Inner Wall. Importantly, the ffERG is not useful for detecting small retinal lesions. McCullough DL, et al. The multifocal electroretinogram. WHITE - Introduction, instruction, guidance, placards, and more. The a-wave is a positive wave that originates mainly from your eyes cornea. Make sure every one of your front-line stackholders has a 2020 ERG and knows how to use it. Surv Ophthalmol. Chemical IdentifiersCAS NumberUN/NA NumberDOT Hazard Label12001-29-52590Class 9NIOSH Pocket GuideInternational Chem Safety CardAsbestosCHRYSOTILE. Yellow: This section is key in determining what exactly is involved in your incident. Currently assigned to a Type 1 team, he continues to learn and share his experiences with others while having a heavy focus on clandestine operations response due to the current drug-trafficking trend in the southeastern U.S. Placards for those who do not stay up to date on them are also referenced in the white section, but for a more in depth break down of each product, see a better reference chart. He also continues to learn more about other hazmat topics. This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. The lower image is a three-dimensional mfERG amplitude plot. It is a youthful and energetic color. By reaching this point you have: identified your placard class, researched the UN number, and determine the product name. His background ranges in experience from urban to rural response and from Type 3 to Type 1 teams. The intent of the light background is to suppress the rod response, allowing for assessment of the cone pathway. YELLOW - Materials ordered by 4-Digit UN/NA Number. So, lets go back over the guide starting with the first section. the average luminance of the screen must be constant over time), or a luminance artifact will be introduced into the response. It represents the initial negative deflection of a flash of light measuring rods and cones. Your doctor will discuss your results with you. It does not store any personal data. You can learn more about how we ensure our content is accurate and current by reading our. what do the colors mean in the erg?office furniture liquidators chicago Orange: Orange is the down hill free for all of the ERG process. Electrical activity from the corneal electrode is compared to that of a reference electrode placed at a distant site (ear, forehead, temple are common). The blue, red, and yellow fieldswhich represent health hazard, flammability, and reactivity, respectivelyuse a numbering scale ranging from 0 to 4. Please Wear A Face Mask Avoid The Spread, Notice We Commit To The Well Being Of Our Visitors And Employees Please Wear A Face Mask, Please Wear A Face Mask Beyond This Point (Red), Please Wear A Face Mask In This Area (Yellow), Placards & Transportation Supplies Clearance, Top 10 Essentials to Keep Your Products Moving, 2020 Emergency Response Guidebook (ERG), Standard Bound, Pocket Size, 2020 Emergency Response Guidebook (ERG), Spiral Bound, Pocket Size, 2020 Emergency Response Guidebook (ERG), Standard Bound, Full Size, 2020 Emergency Response Guidebook (ERG), Spiral Bound, Full Size, Emergency Response Guidebook Holder, 5" x 8", Emergency Response Guidebook Holder, 9" x 9.5", Update many section of the book to make them easier to read and understand, New Lithium Battery Labeling and Marking added, Quality of the illustrations in the rail car and road trailer identification charts improved, Possible guide reassignments of certain entries after re-evaluating physical and health hazards, Inhalation toxicity concerns evaluated for petroleum crude oil (UN1267) on Guide 128, Radioactive materials Guides being evaluated for possible changes, UN numbers will be added or removed to align with United Nations Model Regulations and North American Regulations, Polymerization hazard criteria reviewed for certain high-risk materials. This information may be acquired by contacting the manufacturer of the product, or by consulting an outside source. Personally, I am a fan of WISER, which has multiple features all in one such as the built in ERG, mapping tools, contact information, reference materials, along with many other useful tools all at your finger tips. OPs that are reduced in amplitude and/or delayed in time often indicate disorders of the retinal blood supply. Trainers in HazMat and Confined Space realized that tapping the student on the shoulder was NOT effective training. 0000007770 00000 n ? (2015). Initial isolation and protective action distances. Given that mfERGs are useful for detecting localized abnormalities within the macula, a common application has been in assessing retinal dysfunction in hydroxychloroquine toxicity. The typical starting point is looking up a substance by name (blue pages), ID (UN) number (yellow pages) or image (placard, rail car, trailer). Once you have your placard class identified, you can use the 4 digit UN number to begin to determine what exactly are the contents of the load. The pattern ERG (pERG) uses contrast reversing pattern stimuli (sinewave gratings or checkerboards) to assess macular retinal ganglion cell (RGC) activity. The first known ERG was recorded from amphibian retina in 1865 by the Swedish physiologist Alarik Frithiof Holmgren. Present low strength flashes before stronger flashes to avoid partial light adaptation from strong flashes. The multifocal ERG (mfERG) assesses many local ERG responses, typically 61 or 103, within the central 30 degrees. Orange - Infill. How to use guide, Table of Contents, 9 Hazards Classifications, Railcar and Road Trailer Identification Chart, Globally Harmonized Systems of labeling chemicals, ID Numbers for Intermodal Containers, pipeline information. Principles and Practice of Clinical Electrophysiology of Vision. WHITE - Introduction, instruction, guidance, placards, and more. This will enable them to carefully place a small electrode on each eye. In addition, many references have been computerized to improve the mitigation time of responders. The pERG can be useful for assessing RGC function in conditions such as glaucoma and ischemic optic neuropathy. Healthline Media does not provide medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. In 2018, ISCEV published guidelines for measuring and reporting the PhNR. Now let's look into what the Preview colors mean in Cura. There is no need to correct refractive error. Moreover, the ERG can be used to monitor disease progression and evaluate retinal toxicity due to various drugs or retained intraocular foreign bodies. Electrodes and their placement can be the same as those described for the ffERG. The key to using the ERG is understanding how the guidebook works, and the process used to safely size-up our emergency incidents. Many cold water streams are habitats for abundant bacteria and animal life which relies on the oxygen dissolved in the water. Black symbolism Black is the color of protection, power, elegance, and sophistication. Before light-adapted protocols: 10 min of light-adaptation. The green pages also provides protective distance actions,or how far to stay the heck away! The plot of the b-waves amplitude reveals how well your eye reacts to light. Then, the Guidebook is divided into four color-coded sections: yellow, blue, orange and green. Photopic negative response (PhNR): The PhNR is a slow negative potential that follows the b-wave recorded under light adapted conditions (panel C, above). We avoid using tertiary references. And red is the life force that drives passion. Do not depend on it hours into the incident as you should be referring to other guidebooks. Culture plays an important role in this human behavior to associate colors to different meanings. Do you need the ERG? Timing of the response is also measured: the implicit time of the b-wave is defined as the time between the flash and the peak of the response. Salmon Color Meaning: The Color Salmon Symbolizes Expression and Fellowship. The white field is used to convey special hazards. The first edition released by the US DOT in 1973, has aided many responders in determining safe distances and start the process to minimize the hazards at hand, as well as aid in hazardous materials preplans. BLUE - Materials ordered by dangerous goods material name. However, contact lens electrodes are often avoided to maintain optimal optical quality of the stimulus. 6P*e`tH+-81x13 0g2FUYbb88. In a hot summer with little rainfall, the volume of water flowing in streams is drastically reduced and many fish die. DOT 49 CFR 172.602 requires anyone who handles or transfers Dangerous Goods to have emergency response information immediately available. Orange Color Meaning. GREEN Illustrates the evacuation and protective action distance when a hazardous materials is considered Toxic-by-Inhalation (TIH). rod/cone dystrophies, cancer associated retinopathy, and toxic retinopathies. Your doctor will ask you to lie down or sit in a comfortable position. The amplitude of the b-wave is measured from the trough of the a-wave to the peak of the b-wave. Modern pharmacological manipulations in various animal models have confirmed Granits findings and have extended our understanding of the cellular sources of the ERG. Your doctor may perform an ERG to determine if you have an inherited or acquired disorder of the retina, such as: An ERG may also help your doctor assess your need for retinal surgery or other types of eye surgery, such as the removal of cataracts.

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